1884.] | ~ Psychology. 1061 
tine, impregnated with extravasation of blood, and often dead on 
the outermost layers. The contents of the bowels are, in such 
cases, more or less blood-colored, and, in consequence of the re- 
appearance of the bacteria of putrefaction, putrid and fetid. The 
cholera bacteria at this stage begin to disappear, but continue still 
to be present for some time in the solitary glands, and in their 
vicinity—a circumstance which first called attention to the pres- 
ence of this peculiar bacterium in the bowels of the Egyptian 
cholera subjects. They entirely fail in such cases, only when the 
patient has lived through the cholera, and dies from the after- 
weakness. The cholera bacteria act exactly as other pathological 
bacteria. They ‘occur only in their peculiar disease; their first 
appearance is when the illness begins; they increase in number 
with the severity of the attack, and gradually disappear as the ill- 
hess wanes. They are found where the trouble exists ; and their 
number atthe height of the disease is so great, that their injuri- 
ous effect on the lining of the intestines is explained. * * * 
In the linen of cholera patients the bacteria increase in the most 
remarkable manner, when the clothes have been soiled with the 
evacuations, and then, for twenty-four hours, have been kept in a 
moist condition. This explains the known fact that the people 
having to do with such affected linen are often attacked. * * * 
Another peculiarity of thé cholera bacteria is, that they die, upon 
drying, much more quickly than most others. Commonly all life 
S extinct after three hours’ drying. It has been noticed that their 
line reaction. A very small amount of free acid, which would 
have little or no effect on other bacteria, puts a marked check on 
their growth. Ina healthy stomach they are destroyed, which is 
animals which have been constantly fed on cholera bacilli, and 
= A * Pe 
PSYCHOLOGY. 
Romanes’ Menrat Evoution IN ANmars.'— This volume is in 
continuation of the author’s Animal Intelligence, and as the 
title indicates, it is largely speculative. The argument assumes 
the theory of evolution, and that phase of it known as 
Mitted to the latter theory, since, on p. 62, he insists that “ moar 
Method of nervous evolution has everywhere been uniform,” a 
1 Mental Evolution in Animals. By GEORGE JOHN ROMANES, with a AERE 
taa? 0n Instinct. By Cuartzs DARWIN. New York, D. Appleton & Co., 1 
MO, Pp. 411, $2. 
