1884.] Entomology. 1151 
gone, the holes made by the woodpecker in forest trees are for 
the purpose of getting at the inner bark rather than for insects. 
But a careful examination in September of woodpeckers shot in 
coniferous forests would throw light on this subject. 
In regions where the white pine grows, it is infested by this 
Monohammus. The spruce is also often infested, but I have not 
seen clear cases where either of those trees have been killed out- 
right by this destructive borer. But during the past summer I 
have seen on the islands in Casco bay, and taken out the full- 
grown larve from at least six or seven living firs, which must 
have been killed by the attacks of this borer, which has been the 
evident cause of the death of many firs in Maine. I have also 
been told by lumbermen that fir trees are killed by this borer. 
Near Rangely, Maine, an extensive tract of firs was killed out- 
tight, I was informed, by “ the borer,” undoubtedly this beetle. 
I have seen hundreds, perhaps nearly a thousand, dead firs 
whose trunks were riddled with the holes of these borers. The 
Spruce is less frequently killed, but I have taken from a dead tree 
two pieces of spruce bark, each about six inches square, one con- 
taining sixteen and the other eighteen holes, through which the 
beetle had escaped.—A. S. Packard. 
Ecc-Layinc HABITS oF THE MAPLE-TREE Borer.—Fresh from 
the foregoing observations I looked, Sept. 12th, for the eggs or 
freshly hatched larve of Glycobius speciosus, and found the latter 
atonce. The Rev. Mr. Leonard, of Dublin, N. H., many years 
ago, in a letter to Dr. Harris, stated that the maple-tree borer, on 
hatching, remained in the bark through the winter, Upon exam- 
ining a rock maple about two feet in diameter, it was found that 
twenty eggs had been laid in different parts of the bark from 
near the ground to where the branches originated, a distance of 
about ten feet. The site of oviposition was recognized by a rusty 
irregular discoloration of the bark about the size of a cent, and 
specially by the “frass” or castings which to the length of an inch 
Or more were attached like a broken corkscrew to the bark. On 
Cutting into the bark the recently hatched larva 5-7 ™™ im length, 
Were found lying in their mine or burrow at the depth of from a 
tenth to the sixth of an inch, : 
The burrows already made were about an inch long, some a 
little longer ; i d. eggs were 
ger; the larva usually mines upwar 2 
found id i hes about a fifth 
, but they are Jaid in obscurely marked gas E 
% an inch long, usually near a crevice in the i 
and castings A readily discoverable, and it would be saad T 
Save these valuable shade trees by looking for them in the a 
‘umn and winter or early spring, and cutting them out. oe 
beetles were not uncommon at Brunswick in July and August o 
the Past year. z 
g" six grubs which I cut out one-half seemed unhealt A pa 
d by the water which had penetrated their min 
