1152 General Notes. [November, á 
I have recommended protecting valuable shade trees by wrap 
ping the trunks with bands of cloth well saturated with kerosene 
oil, in August and September, so as to drive off the beetle, and 
to destroy the freshly hatched grub, but since discovering how 
easily the gashes and castings of the freshly hatched worms can 
be detected a few days or weeks after the eggs have been laid, it 
seems obvious that the easiest and surest preventive is to cut out 
the grubs when laying in their autumn and winter quarters just 
under the surface of the bark. 
twelve extended upward. Hence it is useless to try to find the 
hole and inject oil into it. There now seems no reason why val 
uable shade maple trees should not be saved by an hours close 
observation and removal of the young grubs, say m September 
or October.—A. S. Packard. 
PALMEN’S PAIRED OUTLETS OF THE SEXUAL ORGANS OF INSECTS- 
In an investigation of this kind it is natural that the anatomist 
should seek the most primitive condition of almost any organ M 
insects, in that primitive generalized group, the Ps 
tera and especially the Ephemerina. The double nature 
given, and in the third chapter the author's own very ict 
observations are recorded, while in the fifth chap roptet 
and oviducts of other insects, principally certain Pseudoneu oi 
Orthoptera and Neuroptera, are described. The dra 
microscopic sections are well rendered, and on plate Y "a E 
useful diagrammatic figures illustrating the morphovoey of it- 
ovaries and oviducts of selected types of the lower ore of the 
sects as compared with the ovaries and segmental organs 
_ worms and Crustacea. 
Professor Palmén’s conclusions, drawn 
Ephemeride, are as follows: eir whole 
1. The genital ducts are in both sexes throughout A ie te 
extent independent of each other and also paired. f under 
minal sections become united only by the integument 1 
from his studies 08 the : 
nsecten. 
* Ueber paarige Ausfiihrungsginge der Geschlechtorgane bei I Helsing! 
jes o 
che untersuchung. 
i ogis Vv . A. Palmén. Mit5 tafeln. 
1884. 8vo, pp. 108 "3 sie 
