1238 Recent Literature. [December, 
to the proper cesophagus. The inner cavity of the hypopharynx 
is, through its whole length, pierced by the salivary duct (sd) 
coming forwards from thoracic salivary glands, advancing below 
the floor of the fulcrum (Figs. 4, 5, sd), and entering the hypo- 
pharynx (not piercing it as Meinert supposed) and opening at its 
distal extremity. I place the proper mouth-opening at the ante- 
rior end of the “small capsule,” where the labrum and hypo- 
pharynx are inserted. The labium, by its grooved upper surface, 
serves as a case for enclosing the stylets, as with Hemiptera. All 
the proboscis-parts are bound together by the thin membranous 
wall of the labium. 
Labium (unter lippe)—This is a cylindrical evagination of the 
basi-proboscis, but furrowed above. Thus it serves as a be Tor 
the nutritive canal. It is divided in front by a median slit into 
two motile cushions, the labellæ, which Burmeister and Erichson 
shewed to be the metamorphosed labial palps. The internal cav- 
ity is occupied by muscles, nerves, tracheze and glands. , ts 
under part is much swollen, and is strongly chitinized, the thick- 
ening extending up the sides (Fig. 3, Z). This under part (infe- 
SN 
Fig. 6.—Side view of labium. 
rior labial plate) supports, at its distal extremity, two short, horn- , 
like processes which bear a stout triangular piece. On this pit 
1s inserted a stout chitin-fork (Fig. 6, /) whose long legs advant® 
forwards. The fork sends downwards a strong unpaired pie 
band (#4). This chitin-fork is joined to the labial plate not merey 
_ at its articulation, but also by a folding membrane which u 
them along their length! Free vertical motion is thus allow 
to the forking parts, but the extent downwards of its excursion 
is limited by the thin membrane. the 
The upper plate (the “furrow-plate,” Figs. 4, 2, /? je the 
labial cylinder forms the bed of the channel which conte 
rum and hypopharynx. The front end of this plate ie ) 
ened and bears a strong chitin-fork (the superior fork, PE two 
repeating in some measure the parts of the inferior fork, t a by 
‘branches running parallel forwards, and united and limited 7 
ŽA similar connection ; i ibed by me ints 
‘lary suspensorium of the e H e i 1881, P. 3576. P 
