222 



Grown from seed, which may be sown in rows about two to three 

 feet apart, and about one foot apart in the rows. Cultivation easy. 



In the N.W. Provinces and Oudh it is sown around the edges of 

 fields, and is frequently to be seen climbing on palings as well as 

 over the roofs of native houses (Duthie, Field Crops, iii. p. 1). 



Ref. — " The Sword Bean {Canavalia ensiformis)" Burtt-Davy, in 

 Transv. Agric. Journ. v. 1907, pp. 452-453. 



Canavalia obtusifolia, DO. ; Fl. Trop. Afr. II. p. 190. 



III. — Rheede, Hort. Mai. viii. t. 43 ; Jacq. PI. Rar. Hort. Caesare 

 Schoenb. ii. t. 221 {Dolichos emarginatus) ; Cleghorn, Madras Journ 

 N.S. i. t. 4; Vellozo, Fl. Flum. viL t. 160 (Dolichos littoralis) 

 Mart. Fl, Bras. xv. pt. 1, t. 48 ; Wettstein, Veg. Siidbras. t. 14 

 Banks & Solander, Bot. Cook's Voy. i. t. 74 (Canavali maritima). 



Vernac. names. — Ipongo (Batanga, Bates) ; [Palang-palang 

 (Philippines), Akankan tasi (Guam) Mata de la Playa (Porto Rico), 

 Mata de Costa (Cuba) Saffbrd] ; Katra Shim (Bengal, Mus. Kew). 



Niger ; Brass, and widely distributed on tropical shores. 



Useful as a binder of loose sand. 



Banks & Solander state that it was eaten as a kind of bean by the 

 members of Cook's Expedition, with the remark " very bad " (Bot. 

 Cook's Voyage, i. p. 24). 



Found growing on the shore of the Brass river (Barter, Herb. 

 Kew) ; running far in beach tangle, and down over the bare sand, 

 sometimes on sandy ground back from the beach, common, Batanga 

 (Bates, I.e.) ; common on the seashore (Ayres & Bouton, Lc.) ; 

 associated with the " goats foot convolvulus " (Ipomoea Pes-caprae) 

 in Guam (Safford, PI. Guam, p. 211.) 



Bute a, Roxb. 



Butea frondosa, Roxb. PI. Corom. i. p. 21. 



An erect tree 40 to 50 ft. high, shoots clothed with grey or brown 

 silky pubescence. Petiole J-^ ft. ; leaflets 4-8 in. long, coriaceous, 

 glabrescent above, densely finely silky and strongly veined below. 

 Terminal leaflet roundish, base rhomboid, obtuse, often emarginate. 

 Racemes 6 in. long ; pedicels \-l in., densely brown-velvety. Calyx 

 \ in. long, velvety. Petals bright orange-red, equal, thickly clothed 

 on the outside with silvery tomentum, the standard 1 in. broad, the 

 keel semi-circular beaked. Pod 6-8 in. by 1^-2 in. silvery-canescent, 

 narrowed suddenly into a stalk longer than the calyx (Fl. Br. India, 

 ii. p. 194). 



III.— Rheede, Hort. Mai. vi. tt. 16, 17 ; Roxb. PI. Corom. t. 21 ; 

 Hayne, Darst. Beschr. Gewache, x. t. 6 ; Hook. Bot. Misc. iii. (1833) 

 Suppl. t. 32 ; Nees von Esenbeck, Plant. Medic. Dtisseld. Suppl. i. 

 t, 10 ; Nooten, Fl. Java, t. 6 ; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t, 176 ; Bentl. & 

 Trimen, Med. PI. t. 79 ; Karst. & Schenck, Veg. bild. iii. t. 14 ; Indian 

 Forester, xxxiv. 1908, t. 15 (abnormal type). 



Vernac. names. — Palas or Plas, Dhak (India, Watt, Bentley & 

 Trimen). Butea Gum ; Bengal kino ; Bastard Teak. 



Introduced to Botanic Garden, Old Calabar (1898), from Kew. 

 Common in India and Burma. 



A valuable tree for recovering salt lands, and next to Schleichera 

 trijuga, the most important one for the development of the lac 



