229 



(var. Tonkin) ; Bull. Econ. Indo-Chine, 1905, p. 1171 ( V. sinensis, 

 var.) and p. 176 ; Wight, U.S. Dept. Agric. Bureau of PI. Industry, 

 Bull. No. 102, pt. 6, 1907, tt. 1-3 ; Cycl. American Agric. ii. 1907, 

 p. 261, f. 371 (V. unguiculata) ; Nielson, U.S. Dept. Agric. Farmers 

 Bull. No. 318, 1908, p. 8, f. 1 (plant with ripe pods). 



Vernac. names. — Ere (Lagos, Thompson) ; Igara (Onitsha, Johnson, 

 Young) ; Ewa-dudu, (S.Nigeria) ; Adouggouari (Abyssinia, Oliver) ; 

 Dugr (Hadramaut, Lunt) ; Kunde Miju, or Sokko (E. Africa, 

 Engler) ; Feijao, macundi (Angola, Welwitseh) ; Adowa (W. Africa, 

 Christy) ; Chowlee (India, Watt) ; Tow-Cok (China, Watt) ; 

 Man (Ceylon, Capper) ; Shadday (Madras, Mus. Kew) ; Kallai 

 (Sikkim, Hooker) ; Lobiya (Saharunpore, Duthie) ; Sitao (Philip- 

 pines, Safford) ; Paiyin (Burma, Smetham) ; Shiro Sasage (Japan, 

 Veitch). —Cow Pea ; Catiang or Catyang Bean ; Cuba Bean (Duthie, 

 Mus. Kew) ; Rice Bean (Hungary, Berkeley, Mus. Kew) ; Man- 

 churian Beans (Burgett & Newsam, Mus. Kew) ; Asparagus Bean. 



Lagos ; Onitsha ; Nupe ; throughout the Tropics and in sub- 

 tropical countries, or in countries with long hot summers. 



Both the green pod and ripe seeds are used as food and the plants 

 as fodder and as green manure. Cultivated for food at Onitsha 

 (Barter, Herb. Kew) ; as a vegetable in the Hadramaut (Lunt, 

 Herb. Kew) ; in Angola (Hiern, Cat. Welw. Afr. PI. i. p. 192), and 

 as a vegetable in Guam (Safford, PI. Guam, p. 396). 



A form with long pods is raised in India by market-gardeners and 

 sold as a substitute for French Beans (Watt, Comm. Prod. India, 

 p. 1107). The young pods of " Dolique Mongette " are eaten in 

 France and Italy in the same way as those of the French Bean 

 (Phaseolus vulgaris) (Yilmorin Andrieux, PL Potageres, p. 312). 



The Cow Pea is one of the standard forage plants of the Southern 

 United States where it is extensively cultivated as an annual summer 

 crop for hay, pasture and green manure (Lyon & Hitchcock, U.S. 

 Dept, Agric. Bureau PI. Ind.'Bull. No. 59, 1901, p. 47). 



When grown for green manure it is recommended to turn pigs 

 into the field about the time the first peas are ripening. An acre of 

 ripening cow-peas will pasture from 15 to 20 pigs for several weeks 

 (Queensland Agric. Journ. vi. 1900, p. 269). 



The long peduncles yield a valuable fibre, used in Nupe for 

 making ropes, nets and cloth (Barter, No. 923, Herb. Kew). 



The cow-pea requires a hot climate, a moderate rainfall, and fairly 

 rich soil. It is suggested that on rich land the cow-pea grows too rank 

 for seed production and should be employed as a forage crop (Wiancko 

 & Cromer, Purdue Univ. Agric. Exp. St. Bull. No. 139, 1910, p. J21) 



The seed may be sown broadcast or in rows about 3 ft. apart. 

 The crop matures in from 3 to 5 months. The habit of some of the 

 intertwining varieties make them somewhat difficult to harvest. 

 Efforts are being made by the U.S. Department of Agriculture to 

 raise an upright or bush form as well as disease resisting, early 

 fruiting, and with an abundance of seed (Year Book, U.S. Dept. 

 Agric. 1907, p. 147). 



There are many varieties under cultivation, differing in size and 

 colour of the seed, and in the habit of growth. The white-seeded 

 kinds are generally considered the best, M Red Quick Increase," 

 " White Quick Increase," " Black Eye," and " Canadian " are all low- 

 growing very prolific sorts, and are largely grown in peach orchards 

 in Canada (Ann. Rep. Pub. Gdns. & Plantations, Jamaica 1904, p. 11), 



