234 



Found twining on shrubs by streams, Kontagora (Dalziel, Herb. 

 Kew) ; at an altitude of 1350 feet, at Mbwiga (lat. 7° 24' S.) (Grant, 

 Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. p. 60). 



Psophocarpus tetragonolobus, DC. ; Fl. Trop. Afr. II. p. 209, is 

 also widely cultivated in the Tropics, but there appears to be no 

 record of its cultivation in Nigeria. It is known as the " Goa Bean," 

 " Four winged bean," u Burma Haricot," &c. and the uses are the 

 same as those of P. longepedunculatus. 



Ref. — " Psophocarpus tetragonolobus, Goa Bean," Burkill, in 



Agric. Ledger No. 4, 1906, pp. 51-64. " Note sur le Haricot de 



Birmanie," Dautremer, in L' Agric. prat, d. pays chauds, vii. 2, 1907, 

 pp. 429-432. 



DOLICHOS, Linn. 



Dolichos binorus, Linn. ; Fl. Trop. Afr. II. p. 210. 



III.— Church, Food Grains, India, tt. 32, 33 ; Agric. Gaz. N.S. 

 Wales ii. 1891, t. 44 ; Duthie, Field Crops, t. 81. 



Vernac. names. — Kulti or Kiilthi (India, Church, Smetliam, Watt) 

 Kultahi-Mah (Assam, Basu). — Horse Gram. 



Nupe : Katagum ; Kontagora ; extending through Tropical Africa 

 to Loanda, Mozambique, Zambesiland, &c. ; India, Ceylon, Burma. 



An important food, fodder, and green manure. The long continued 

 use of the beans as food is regarded as injurious : they are reputed 

 in some districts to cause cedematous swellings (Church, Food 

 Grains, India, p. 162). Kulthi flour is used in preparing a kind of 

 native sweetmeat, esteemed as a diet for women after confinement ; 

 it is considered wholesome and light of digestion (Basu, Agric. 

 Ledger, No. 5, 1903, p. 135). 



Grown from seed (about 10 lbs. to the acre), the crop comes to 

 maturity in from 3 to 5 months. For fodder purposes the plants 

 could be cut green after about a month or two, or the haulms used 

 after the seeds are harvested. The cultivation in general is easy and 

 can be carried on at almost any season with a light rainfall. A good 

 crop would amount to 6 maunds [493 lbs.] of pulse, and 2000 to 

 4000 lbs. and upwards of fodder per acre (Watt, Comm. Prod. India, 

 pp. 504, 505). 



Found creeping over stones in rocky places, Nupe (Barter, Herb. 

 Kew) ; wild in the Himalaya to Ceylon and Burma ascending to 

 3000 ft. in Sikkim (Fl. Br. India, ii. p. 210). Large areas are culti- 

 vated in India, where in Bombay (1905-06) alone 545,738 acres were 

 under the cultivation of this gram (Watt, I.e. p. 508). 



Ref. — " Horse Gram, Dolichos biflorus" in Food Grains of India, 



Church, p. 162, with analysis. " Dolichos biflorus" in Diet. 



Econ. Prod. India, Watt, iii. 1890, pp. 175-183.- -"The Cultivation 



of the Horse Gram," Turner, in Agric. Gaz. N. S. Wales, ii. Aug. 



1891, pp. 444-445. " Kultahi-Mah, Dolichos biflorus, Basu, in 



The Agric. Ledger, No. 5, 1903, p. 135. "Dolichos biflorus, Horse 



Gram " in Comm. Prod. India, Watt, pp. 503-508. 



Dolichos Lablab, Linn. ; Fl. Trop. Afr. II. p. 210. 



III. — Jacq. Hort. Bot. Vindob. t. 124 (D. benghalensis) ; Schk. 

 Handb. t. 199 b ; Gaertner, Fruct. Sem. PI. ii. t. 150; Lam. Encycl, 

 t. 610 ; Bot. Mag. t. 380 (D. lignosus) ; Bot. Mag. t. 896 ; Smith. 



