318 



from the fruits, is used in perfumery and for somewhat similar 

 purposes in medicine as oil of Cloves. 



The Pimento berries of commerce are sometimes adulterated with 

 Pimenta de Tabasco (Myrtus Tabasco), a native of Mexico, 



The wood is close-grained and tough, suitable for general purposes 

 in exposed situations. Young saplings or selected branches are 

 exported from Jamaica for walking sticks and umbrella handles. 



Propagated by seeds in nursery beds or bamboo pots, and planted 

 out when large enough, about 15-20 feet apart. The trees are said 

 to begin to bear fruit when about 8 or 10 years old (U.S. Cons. Rep. 

 Washington, Dec. 1907, p. 132), and an average yield from a tree is 

 150 lbs. (Alexander, Journ. Roy. Hort. Soc. xxxv. 1910, p. 370). 



In Jamaica, the chief source of the spice, the annual production is 

 estimated at from 50,000 to 60,000 bags of 150 pounds weight, and 

 the average price 12s. to 24s. per 100 lb. In 1907 the exports 

 amounted to 85,000 cwt,, value £76,000 (U.S. Cons. Rep. I.e.). 



The main requirements under cultivation are ample rainfall, rich 

 soil containing lime, and a hot climate. The tree thrives from sea 

 level up to about 3000 feet. 



The berries are ready for gathering as soon as they begin to ripen ; 

 and drying — in the sun on treliisses or barbecues — is the only 

 preparation required. 



This plant was under cultivation at Abutshi in 1889 (Woodruff, 

 Rep. to Roy. Niger Co., Nov. 30th, 1889)) ; a tree at Lagos flowered and 

 fruited in 1895 (Millen, Report, Bot. St. Ebute Metta, Dec. 31st, 1895), 

 and 30 plants were sent out from Kew, to Old Calabar in Oct. 1905. 

 Plants at Aburi, Gold Coast, fruited for the first time in 1906 (Evans, 

 Ann. Rep. Bot. & Agric. Dept. Gold Coast, 1907, p. 11). 



Eef. — "Fructus Pimentae" in Pharmacographia, Fltickiger & 



Hanbury, pp, 287-289. "Pimenta officinalis;' in Med. PI. 



Bentl. & Trimen, No. Ill, 4 pages. " Pimenta officinalis" in Med. 



Pflan. Kohler, ii. 2 pages. " All about Pimento," in All about 



Spices, Ferguson, pp. 187-197 (Colombo, 1889). " Pimento," in 



Odorographia, Sawer, pp. 51-56. " Piment de la Jamaique," in 



Les Drogues Simples d'origine vegetale, Planchon & Collin, ii. 



pp. 333-335. " Oil of Pimenta," in The Volatile Oils, Gildemeister 



& Hoffmann, p. 509 (Pharm. Review Publ. Co., Milwaukee, 1900). 



Eugenia, Mich. 



Eugenia caryophyllata, Thunb. Diss. (1788) p. 1. 



An evergreen tree, 30-40 ft. high. Leaves opposite, 3-6 in. long, 

 elliptical, glabrous, dark green and shining above, paler beneath. 

 Flowers arranged in threes at the ends of short branches of small 

 terminal paniculate cymes, sweet scented ; calyx 4-toothed, inferior, 

 fleshy ; petals 4, yellowish, imbricated in bud, surrounded by the 

 calyx teeth (cloves of commerce at this stage), caducous. Fruit f-1 in. 

 long, elongate-oviform (known as mother cloves). 



III. — Buee, Narrative, Clove Tree, p. 24 ; Lam. Encycl. t. 417 

 {Garyophyllus aromaticus) ; Plersck, Ic. v. t. 422 (C. aromaticus) ; 

 Diet. Sc. Nat. It. 222, 223 (C aromaticus) ; Bot. Mag. tt. 2749. 2750 

 (O aromaticus) ; Hayne, Darst. Beschr. Gewachse, x. t. 38 (0. aro- 

 maticus) ; Nees von Esenbeck, Plant. Medic, Diisseld. t. 299 (C. aro- 

 maticus) ; Wagner, Pharm. Medic. Bot. t. 225 ; Desc. Ant. viii. t. 566 

 (C. aromaticus) ; Guimpel, Abbild. Beschr. t. 72 (C. aromaticus) ; 



