76 REPORT ON NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1885. 



axes, arrow-shaft-straighteners, an incised stone, and a turquoise pend- 

 ant ; 18 specimens. 



" These ruins," says Mr. Palmer, " consist of small houses, of one or 

 more rooms, and do not form a village, but are scattered. The walls 

 are built in the same manner as the Eio Yerde building. Eemains of 

 cisterns are still to be seen." 



Collection from adobe ruins, 2 J miles from Mesa City: Chipped 

 quartzite discs, cutting-tools, grooved mauls, rubbing-stones, a paint- 

 mortar, stone balls used in games, large stone mortars, and fragments 

 of shell ornaments ; 20 specimens. 



Collection from adobe ruins near Phoenix : A clay spindle- whorl, a 

 paddle-shaped wooden implement used in making pottery, and frag- 

 ments of shell ornaments ; 17 specimens. 



Mr. Palmer says : " At a distance the ruins appear like ordinary In- 

 dian mounds, and vary from 5 to 20 feet in height. Correctly speaking, 

 the walls are not of adobe, but are made of adobe earth or mud, which 

 is pressed into large wooden boxes, and when it is sufficiently dry the 

 box is raised up, moved along, and again filled.* The inner surfaces 

 of the walls are made smooth and sometimes covered with a whitewash. 

 The whole country has a dry and barren appearance, and is covered 

 with plants seen nowhere else but on deserts ; embracing the numerous 

 species of cactus, the mesquite, Larrea mexicana, and plants of that 

 character. The number of dwellings in ruins warrants the conclusion 

 that an extensive population inhabited this country in past times." 



E. W. Nelson, Springer ville, Apache County, forwarded a collection 

 from caves in the vicinity of Springerville, consisting of arrow and 

 spear-heads, a flint hammer-stone, a round pebble, a rubbing-stone, 

 " tanning-stones," a grooved stone (arrow-shaft-straightener % ), a coni- 

 cal stone object with longitudinal perforation, and a turquoise pendant. 

 (Ace. 16085.) 



Miss Hattie Carlton, Pima, Graham County, sent 26 small arrow- 

 heads of obsidian, jasper, &c, 26 shell beads and pendants, and a small 

 ornament of turquoise. (Eeceived in 1884.) 



ALASKA. 



From C. L. McKay, Unalashka Island, were received a grooved 

 hammer-stone and an adze. (Eeceived in 1882.) 



MEXICO. 



Louis H. Ayme\ Oaxaca, Mexico, forwarded a collection from Oax- 

 aca, including 8 stone carvings representing human figures, a squared 

 stone with grooves, a metate with rubbing-stone, 8 stone pendants, a 

 stone head, a bone implement (perforator?), a polished piece of iron 



* A similar account is given by Mr. J. R. Bartlett in his " Personal Narrative." 

 (Vol. II, p. 277.) 



