92 THE GEORGE CATLIN INDIAN GALLERY. 



from 1868 to 1869, were ill open warfare against the whites. Generals 

 Sheridan, Custer, Carr, and others led the troops against them. They 

 were captured and taken to Camp Supply, Indian Territory, in the month 

 of February, 1869. They were, however, a constant source of anxiety 

 to the military commanders, and a portion of them held out. Finally, 

 in March, 1875, the remainder of the Southern Cheyennes surrendered, 

 under chief " Stone Calf," at Fort Sill, and went on their present reser- 

 vation in Indian Territory, and have ever since remained there. 



The Northern Cheyennes, a fierce and warlike band, were constantly 

 on raids against the whites in the years up to 1876. In 1876 they joined 

 Sitting Bull and the Sioux, and aided in the massacre of Custer and 

 his men on the Rose Bud in July. In 1877 they surrendered to the 

 United States, and were first sent to Fort Robinson, Nebraska, and 

 finally to Indian Territory, and placed on a reservation with the 

 Southern Arapahoes at Fort Reno, August 8, 1877. They numbered 

 about 1,000 when they surrendered. Dissatisfied with this location 

 the Government, in 1881 and 1883, removed them north to the Pine 

 Ridge Agency. 



September 9, 1878, about a third of the Northern Cheyennes escaped 

 from Fort Reno, and, under the leadership of " Dull Knife," " Wild Hog," 

 " Little Wolf," and other chiefs started north to rejoin their friends in 

 the country where they formerly resided. The Army pursued them, a 

 running fight ensued, resulting in killing of many soldiers and the 

 massacre by the Indians of settlers, men and women. They were 

 finally captured in Nebraska in October, 1878, and ordered to be re- 

 turned to Indian Territory. In January, 1879, being then at Fort 

 Robinson, Nebraska, they arose in revolt, and many of them were 

 killed. The remainder were returned to Indian Territory. 



In 1881 and 1883, under authority of an act of Congress, the Northern 

 Cheyennes were removed to Pine Ridge Agency, Dakota, where they 

 now reside with Red Cloud's Sioux. They lost in these raids, between 

 1878 and 1881, more than 500 of their tribe. 



THE OUTBREAK OF 1885. 



During the summer of 1885 the Cheyennes and Arapahoes became 

 restless and rebellious. " Stone Calf" and "Flying Hawk," "Little 

 Robe," and "Spotted Horse," chiefs, led the "dog soldiers," a band of 

 young men, a semi-military organization, bloodthirsty and constantly 

 in crime; squaw men (i. e., white men married to squaws, and living 

 with the Indians) also aided. Troops were hurried to Fort Reno, near 

 the Cheyenne and Arapaho Agency, in Indian Territory, and by a 

 strong show of force a serious outbreak prevented. The principal rea- 

 son for the attempted revolt and raid was that the agent and Govern- 

 ment desired the Indians to work, either as farmers or herders. 



Lieutenant-General Sheridan assumed command in person, and the 

 anticipated Indian war subsided. 



