THE GEORGE CATLIN INDIAN GALLERY. 911 



types of Indians on the American continent can be found in Canada. 

 When Indian lands which have been reserved are sold by the reserve 

 commission the funds arising therefrom become the property of the 

 Indians and an annuity on which interest is paid. Indian reserve 

 lands remain such, or the proceeds of the sale of the same go to the 

 Indians. Faith is always kept with the Indian either for reward or 

 punishment. 



The nomadic bands of Indians in the northwestern portion of the 

 Dominion are fast being forced upon reservations. The lack of game and 

 the incoming of white settlers drives them to asking for lands. On ap- 

 plication to the department of Indian affairs its Indian reserve commis- 

 sion sets aside a reservation for Indians so applying. During 1885-'86 

 many tracts of land were thus located. 



The Dominion authorities have fully adopted the reservation system, 

 with superintendents and agents directly responsible to the depart- 

 ment of Indian affairs at Ottawa. 



There are superintendents and agencies in the several provinces or 

 other sections as follows : In the Province of Ontario, 23 ; in the Prov- 

 ince of Quebec, 11 ; in the Province of New Brunswick, 3 5 in the Prov- 

 ince of Nova Scotia, 14; in Prince Edward Island, lj in Manitoba and 

 the Northwest Territories, 19 j and in British Columbia, 6. In all, 77. 

 In the obtaining of Indian supplies, clothing, or food, however, local 

 purchases are preferred. 



The Indians receive rations, and the chiefs, headmen, interpreters, 

 and councilors have a small yearly compensation. Pensions are also 

 in some cases given to aged Indians. 



The "Department of Indian Affairs" at Ottawa keeps an account 

 with each agency or reserve, or band of Indians. (They are called 

 bands, not tribes, in Canada.) 



A mounted police force of whites under Colonel Herchmer and Major 

 Crozier preserves order in the Northwest and along the international 

 boundary. This force is known as the " Northwest Mounted Police." 



Canada adopted, many years ago, the wise policy of local Indian res- 

 ervations, and not attempting to aggregate masses of Indians in locali- 

 ties foreign to them, small reservations, near the original towns of the 

 Indians, have proved most successful. The sun-dance and pot-latch feasts 

 have nearly disappeared among the Canadian Indians by reason of 

 large numbers not congregating, or when indulged in their barbarous 

 features are not used. 



The tribal relation is preserved in so far as having chiefs and head, 

 men, but the system of control by the Dominion is wardship or paternal. 



The Canadian statutes contain very few enactments as to the Indians. 

 He has prospered with but little legislation. . The executive power is 

 almost unlimited. 



Indians do not become citizens of the Dominion. 



