March, 1912 
MATERIALS FOR PAPER MONEY 
HE Engineer's Souvineer calls attention 
to the materials used in the manufac- 
ture of the paper money for the United 
States Treasury. “The materials,’ says this 
publication, “that go to make our paper 
money are gathered together from all parts 
Gbeene world. Pare on the paper tber as 
linen rag from the Orient. The silk comes 
from China or Italy. The blue ink is made 
from German or Canadian cobalt. The 
black ink is made from Niagara Falls acety- 
lene gas smoke, and most of the green ink, 
mixed in white zinc sulphite, is made in 
Germany. 
The red color in the seal is obtained from 
a pigment imported from Central America. 
PHYSICIANS IN GERMANY 
HE census of 1910 in Germany showed 
a total of 32,449 physicians in the 
empire. This is an increase of 480 over 
the preceding year, and represents one 
practitioner to two thousand inhabitants. 
The number of medical students showed a 
much larger increase, the numbers for 1909 
and 1910 being, respectively, 9,239 and 11,- 
125. Although in general the cities have 
a larger proportion of physicians than the 
towns, Berlin does not lead in this respect. 
The number of physicians per ten thousand 
of the population varies through a rather 
wide range, being as high as 22 in Wies- 
baden and as low as 4 in Gelsenkirchen. 
Some of the more important cities have the 
number of physicians per ten thousand in- 
habitants set opposite their names below: 
ZGrliin “he te eane ean sooo a encaare 12 
1 WSSU Cl tu Re etd core eo Ieee 16 
SIGEEAITE Ie hae a ee ope rae 10 
WeSd ener Me rtals cian Sivascseie 9 
LETH ZiGE ee Ok 6 POR SU BENS Meee OES ee 8 
ESR aI hier ee en ators tale oh erasel sens Zistetoenas 5 
(CIGTTITE 2 Bleach etcto telee oe eREE 5 
The number of women who are practic- 
ing medicine has been increasing rapidly. 
In 1908 there were only 55; in 1909 there 
were 69, and the number reported for 1910 
is 102. Of these Berlin has the largest 
number, 32; and Munich, Frankfort and 
Dresden report six each. The number of 
women studying at the medical colleges in- 
creased from 371 in 1909 to 512 in 1910. 
PRIVET HEDGES 
By WERNER BOECKLIN 
T is probably safe to say that California 
Privet is more generally used as a hedge 
plant in the United States than any other. 
This does not mean that it is always the 
best, but since it is a fast grower it has 
“taken” with the American public, which 
looks for immediate results even in nursery 
stock. 
Although one pays for hedge plants by 
the hundred the final cost may be easily 
reckoned by the linear foot. There is trench- 
ing, hauling top soil and manure, planting 
and refilling which enter into the cost. Pos- 
sibly one is so situated that it is not neces- 
sary to bring soil from elsewhere. In this 
case a heavy item in the cost will be elimi- 
nated. 
Having staked out the lines of trench, set 
the assistant to cutting the sods. See that 
these are put in separate piles ready for 
use elsewhere about the place or as manure 
in the bottom of the trench. This trench, 
for a single row planting, should be from 
twelve to sixteen inches wide and eighteen 
inches deep. For a double row planting the 
width should be increased to twenty-four 
inches. Have the soil thrown to such a dis- 
tance from the trench that there is a clean, 
level space left between the edge of the 
trench and the toe of the soil pile. This 
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The Bell highway is used daily by more than 
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