April, 1912 
Wer, es, 7) 
Madam, you can 
have draperies that 
neither sunshine 
nor washing will 
fade. 
Use only Orinoka-Sunfast 
Fabrics for your draperies 
and they will never again 
change color through ex- 
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through washing. Your 
assurance of this is the un- 
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covers every picce of 
ORINOKA 
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With these draperies, you 
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Made in all weaves for curtains, 
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rents flow, and none of the ancient writers 
mention any rains which were produced at 
the beginning of the eruption. On the con- 
trary, what makes it probable that both 
Pompeii and Herculaneum were covered 
by the same kind of deposit is the letter ad- 
dressed by the younger Pliny to Tacitus, 
stating that his uncle, the elder Pliny, after 
observing the gigantic smoke column in the 
shape of a pine tree at the beginning of the 
eruption and hearing of the critical situation 
of the sailors in the port of Retina, this 
being the port of Herculaneum (the new 
town lies back of this site), fitted out a 
number of vessels and proceeded to this 
port. But he could not land on account of 
the ash and other volcanic matter of all 
kinds, which were highly heated and fell 
thickly upon the sea, even then raising the 
sea bottom, so that he was obliged to land 
at another point. Pliny mentions numerous 
kinds of dry matters, but makes no allusion 
to a rain which would be needed to make a 
flow of mud. A geological examination of 
the ground of Herculaneum shows besides 
that it is made up of a thick layer of vol- 
canic ash of the nature of pumice stone and 
is quite the same as the deposit of Pompeii 
in its composition. Only the higher region 
of Herculaneum shows layers of mud de- 
posit due to alluvium which was afterwards 
formed by rainfall, and this gives a soil of 
another structure. Another objection given 
by the old theory seemed to be conclusive, 
that is the difference in the patina of the 
bronzes coming from the two cities, but 
Prof. di Lorenzo gives the following expla- 
nation: The patina of the bronzes found in 
the Eighteenth Century is lacking from the 
fact that the objects were cleaned and var- 
nished. Recent bronzes have their patina, 
which is green at Herculaneum and blue at 
Pompeii. The deposits at this latter site 
were less dense, and the waters passed 
through freely, giving a deposit of blue car- 
bonate of copper on the bronzes. The con- 
trary is true for the other site, and the water 
filtered through much more slowly, so that 
it gave rise to a green carbonate. To con- 
clude, if it is proved that the material which 
covers the two sites is of the same composi- 
tion and this idea becomes general, there 
will not be the same obstacle towards mak- 
ing the excavations and these can be carried 
on underneath the town of Retina without 
any special difficulty. 
LIME IN THE HOME GARDEN 
[ANY kitchen gardens would be im- 
proved by the addition of lime, al- 
though the amateur seldom thinks of using 
it. Repeated experiments have shown the 
value of lime, not only to sweeten the 
ground, but to release certain elements of 
plant food in the soil, particularly potash. 
It tends to loosen clay soils and to stiffen 
sandy ones. 
The most common use of lime, though, 
is to correct the acidity of sour soils, and 
is often necessary for best results when 
green crops are repeatedly plowed under. 
A large amount is not needed, as a rule. 
Probably two hundred pounds will prove 
enough for a garden of average size. It 
may be applied with a drill or broadcasted 
and harrowed in and may be used at almost 
any season when convenient, although it is 
customary to apply it in the Fall. 
There is a very simple method of ascer- 
taining whether the soil is sour and con- 
sequently in need of lime. All drug stores 
sell blue litmus paper and a few cents’ 
worth will be enough to make a test. The 
paper is cut into strips and pressed into the 
soil when the last named is moist. If the 
land is sour, the paper will turn from blue 
to red in a few minutes. 
AVIERIGAN ~HOMES AND GARDENS vii 
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Branches: Brooklyn, St. Paul, Minneapolis, London, Paris 
