April, 1912 
of the other maples, chestnut oak, Mexican 
walnut, Persian walnut, bur-oak, white and 
Lombardy poplar, Russian olive, Chinese 
arborvitae, chestnut, white and Norway 
spruce, European larch, white and Douglas 
fir and honey locust. 
Among the moisture demanding trees are 
the black walnut, persimmon, both native 
and Japanese, white oak, pin oak, white 
hickory, pecan, cottonwood, hardy catalpa, 
sycamore, willows and elms, red maple and 
other maples (most of the maples seem to 
do well on either dry or moist soils), the 
boxelder and the linden. These should 
have plenty of room, and if standing on 
narrow strips between the curbstone and the 
sidewalk there should be a circular gap 
left in one edge of the sidewalk to catch as 
much water as possible. 
SOME OF THE MANY USES TO 
WHICH PAPER MAY BE PUT 
HILE there is nothing like linen for 
paper-making, many other things will 
serve as substitutes. For instance, patents 
have been issued in various countries, 
says Tit Bits, for the manufacture of 
paper from barley, oats, rice, Indian 
corn, peas, beans, alfalfa, ramie, pine- 
needles, sugar-cane refuse, jute, moss, sea- 
weed; tobacco, lichens, the leaves and bark 
of trees, beets, potatoes, and other equally 
strange things. In most cases the price of 
manufacture is excessive when we consider 
the quality of the product. The great bulk 
of our paper—not the best, but that most 
commonly used—is made, as most people 
know, oi the wood of certain. coniferous 
trees, chiefly spruce and larch. 
Paper can be made from nearly any- 
thing, and nearly anything can be made 
irom paper. 
With compressed paper are made wheels, 
rails, cannon, horseshoes, polishers for 
gems, bicycles, and asphalted tubes for gas 
or electric wires. ~ 
With wood pulp and zinc sulphate there 
has been an attempt, in Berlin, to make ar- 
tificial bricks for paving. After subjecting 
them to a pressure of 2,000 tons per cubic 
centimetre, they are baked for forty-eight 
hours. In similar fashion are made roofing 
tiles and water pipes. Telegraph poles made 
of rolled sheets of paper are hollow, lighter 
than wood, and resist weather well. 
In Japan they make, of paper, clothing, 
window frames, lanterns, umbrellas, hand- 
kerchiefs, artificial leather, etc. In the 
United States, and even in Germany, are 
made paper coffins. In Germany they make 
paper barrels, vases, and milk bottles. 
Straw hats may now be bought into which 
enters not an atom of straw. They are made 
of narrow paper strips, dyed yellow. Arti- 
ficial sponges are made of cellulose, or paper 
pulp. One man has taken out a patent for 
paper thread to be used in sewing shoes, 
and a brand of artificial silk is made on a 
basis of paper pulp. 
The use of paper in industry may be in- 
definitely extended. It is employed to make 
imitation porcelain, for bullets, shoes, bil- 
liard-table cloth, sails for boats, boards for 
building, impermeable bags for cement and 
powdered substances, boats and vessels for 
water. There has been made a paper stove, 
which is said to have stood the fire well. 
Cellulose may be used to prepare a water- 
proof coating that may be applied like paint. 
Whole houses have been built of paper; in 
Norway there is a church, holding 1,000 
persons, built entirely of it, even to the 
belfry. 
AMERICAN HOMES AND GARDENS 
XXxvii 
Automatic Ice Saver Shelves 
Made to fit 
ar YOUR REFRIGERATOR 
The Ice Man Won’t Like It, But You Will 
@ Without the Automatic Ice Saver your refrigerator eats up ice. The air in the Food Com- 
partments is much warmer than that in the ice compartments, and this warm air being al- 
lowed to circulate freely about the ice, causes the ice to melt rapidly, without rendering the 
service itshould Just asthe heat from your furnace has in part been escaping up the chimney, 
so the ice in your refrigerator has been disappearing down the waste pipe long before anything 
Ilke its full measure of coldness has been properly utilized, Your ice will work twice if you 
use Automatic Ice Saver Shelves. As the ice melts the water runs through tubes formed as 
shelves. These tubes are rust proof and are so constructed that they remain full of ice-cold 
water—which passes o y gravity overflow. Refrigeration is perfected by the lowered 
temperature, your food rests on cold shelves—and is in close contact with circulating cold 
water. The food compartment is absolutely dry. ““Sweating”’ of the drain pipe is abolished 
—and dryness means increased sanitation. 
@ Housekeeper or maid can readily remove shelves and keep them clean and wholesome 
by flushing. The inlet pipe is equipped with a funnel which has a trap to prevent the in- 
gress of sediment and dirt. Nothing to get out of order. 
Preserves your food. Protects your health. 
Lessens your work. Reduces your ice bill. 
Average Price, $5.00 to $7.50, according to size 
Write for further details of this ice-saving and health-preserving invention 
The shelves rest upon the same 
cleats on which ordinary shelves rest, 
so that anyone can install them in an 
Agents can secure exclusive control of rich teri tlory by writing quickly. 
HARDWARE UTILITIES COMPANY 
instant, as no adjustment is necessary. 68-70 HUDSON STREET, Dept. G. 
HOBOKEN, N. J- 
IRISH ROSES” TREES EVERGREENS 
FRUITAND O 
Extra Sizes for Immediate Effect 
And Hardy Perennials. 
Liberal Discounts on Large Orders. Catalogue Free. 
S. G. Harris ROSEDALE NURSERIES “tanevrawn WAV 
IFTY years ago the Pony Express 
becanie the most efficient messenger 
service ever known. 
Pony riders carried messages from 
Missouri to California, nearly two thou- 
sand miles across mountains and des- 
erts, through blizzards and sand storms, 
constantly in danger of attack by 
hostile Indians. 
Fresh horses were supplied at short 
intervals, and the messages, relayed 
from rider to rider, were delivered in 
the record-breaking time of seven and 
one-half days. 
Railroad and telegraph took the place 
The Pony Express 
_A Pioneer of the Bell System 
of the Pony Express, carrying messages 
across this western territory. Today 
the telephone lines of the Bell System 
have done more, for they have bound 
together ranch and mine and camp and 
village. 
This network of telephone lines, 
following the trails of the Indians, con- 
nects with the telegraph to carry mes- 
sages throughout the world. 
By means of Universal Bell Service 
the most remote settler is no longer 
isolated, but has become a constantly 
informed citizen of the American Com- 
monwealth. 
AMERICAN TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH COMPANY 
AND ASSOCIATED COMPANIES 
One Policy 
One System 
Universal Service 
