October, 1912 AMERICAN 
of the home garden. There are not 
in the whole realm of the Goddess 
Flora flowers more exquisite than 
the hardy species that lend them- 
selves so admirably to permanent 
planting—the Sweet Williams, Del- 
phiniums, Foxgloves, Canterbury 
Bells, Pyrethrum, Montbretia, Iris, 
Hollyhocks, Anemones, Primroses, 
Saxifrage and the like. October 
should be a busy month in every 
garden, for this is an excellent time 
for dividing old roots, re-arranging 
the clumps of hardy Perennials 
where these need it, of filling gaps 
in hardy borders, and of setting out 
new hardy plants. Perhaps one of 
the commonest mistakes made by the 
garden beginner is to assume that a 
small garden requires small plants 
and that tall-growing and large 
flowering plants are out of place in 
any but a large garden. We have 
only to recall the wondrous beauty of the English cottage 
gardens that seem to be bursting with their glow of Holly- 
hocks, Larkspurs, Sunflowers and Chrysanthemums, to real- 
ize how lovely a tiny garden planted with striking flowers 
may be. To this article is appended a table showing, in a 
general way the height attained by various flowers suitable 
for Fall planting when these have reached their maturity. 
Not one of the plants in this list would be out of place in 
the small home garden if properly placed. Under “‘loca- 
ONES! AND GARDENS 
| Golden Glow (Rudbeckia Laciniata) a 
345 
tion’ those that require full sunlight 
have that fact indicated by the word 
“sunny,” and those that require less 
sunshine by the words “less sunny,” 
though the garden beginner must 
never expect success with plants that 
hardly receive the sunlight at all. 
When planning for Fall planting 
one must take into consideration the 
fact that inasmuch as the hardy Per- 
ennials are to form a garden that 
will, in all probability, remain un- 
altered for some years (so far as its 
essentials are concerned), it will be 
seen how necessary it is that such 
gardens be prepared with the great- 
est care and thought of their future 
aspect. First of all thorough drain- 
age must be assured after which 
manure must be worked into the 
earth to some depth, preferably 
three feet. A good way to prepare 
beds and borders for permanent 
Perennials is to dig a trench the size of the bed or border 
to the depth of three feet covering the floor of it with a 
five-inch layer of rubble to assist drainage, and a couple 
of inches of coarse ashes above this, filling up the trench 
with the bedding composed of loam, manure and sand. 
This will make an admirable soil for setting out the hardy 
plants. Of course the earth of newly-prepared beds and 
borders will settle somewhat and will have to be evened 
off later by filling. Where it is not possible to give to the 
Clumps of the lovely Bellflower (Campanula persicifolia) combine well with lawn shrubbery 
