1906] The eruciform brooches of Norway. 57 
At last may be mentioned that the catch-plate of the pin, 
being originally as long as the whole foot of the brooch but not 
very broad, gradually was made shorter and broader and thus by 
its form gives one of the best indications of the relative stage of 
development, though not even the form of this detail alone is suffi- 
eient to admit of a reliable conclusion. I have seen some brooches, 
which show in all other parts an advanced transformation, but where 
the cateh-plate reaches from the bow to the nose of the animal- 
head. Such instances are, however, to be regarded as exceptions, 
and I have only noted very few irregularities of this sort. 
Also the ornamentation of the brooches is subject to some 
changes during the development of the form, as far as it in the 
early brooches consists nearly exelusively of incised lines and small 
figures executed with a punch, while we in the 
later brooches find å more extended use of 
groups of concentric eireles, drilled in the sur- 
face with a special instrument. In a few early 
specimens even figures of silver are found in- 
laid in the surface, and sometimes is found an 
ornamentation in relief, though only forming 
gseometric patterns. Å brooch of the last sort 
is seen fig. 73.1") The ornamental part at the 
bow is made of a separate little plate of bronze 
fastened in an ineision in the bow; the brooch is so much worn, 
that the pattern is here no more quite distinet. Along the edges 
of the plate are placed å series of small triangles executed with 
a punch. 
Of these different sorts of ornamentation the punched patterns 
and the incised lines are also well known from Denmark and Eng- 
land. The drilled circles, so commonly met with in Eastern Norway, 
are rare in the brooches from Denmark, and from England I know 
only one instance of them, which will be especially mentioned in 
the following. The very extended use of concentric circles as seen 
Fig Mo Lo: 
1) Langlo, Stokke pgd. Jarlsberg. C. 5951. Ab. 1872, page 1083 ss. pl. I, 
fig. 6. Though this brøoeh in other respects has not the appearance of an early 
specimen and, as I will show in the following, really must belong to a relatively 
late time, its side-knobs are fixed upon the axis of the spring-coil and provided 
with a groove to keep the edge of the plate. | 
