66 Haakon Schetelig. [No. 8 
than the heads commonly seen in the erueiform brooches,*) though 
it is known in not å few specimens from all parts of Scandinavia. 
The study of pure ornamental forms not being within the limits of 
this paper, I have elsewhere not especially mentioned such instanees; 
an exception is made here, because the heads seen in figs. 82 and 
83 are of å more special interest, appearing in å characteristic and 
constant form, confined to the small district of the present diocese 
of Bergen — the country between Hardanger and Nordfjord — 
and found only in 
certain varieties of 
the late development 
of the type. Ii has, 
as clearly seem 
the brooch fig. 83, 
the appearance of a 
new element com- 
bined with å type 
already old; the 
knobs, the plate, 
the bow, and the fa- 
cetted part of the 
foot having lost all 
of the organic pro- 
portions and of the 
original elegance of 
the form, while the 
broad animal-head, 
in itself by no means 
Fie, 80.14. a harmonious termin- 
ation of the brooch, 
is the only part el formed and carefully executed. That this 
brooeh really belongs to the latest stage of the development is seen 
also from the fact that the underside is very concave.?) It is 
1) Compare fig. 80 and Sau 1. c. I cannot in all points agree with dr. 
SALIN's opinion about the development of this head in the cruciform brooches. 
It seems to me that the form of the head in fig. 80 here must be older than 
fig. 84, and the variations figs. 82 and 83 the youngest of all of them. Dr. SALIN 
has arranged them just in the opposite order. 
2) For the date of such brooches compare the find illustrated in figs. 179 
and 180 below. 
