1906] The eruciform brooches of Norway. 83 
the composition of the foot — the animal-heads excepted — are 
certainly most eloselv related to the West-Norwegian series here 
before us, I have preferred to introduce them at this place in the 
description. It may be noted in this connexion that å similar 
ornamentation of the foot is common among the erueiform brooches 
in England, but there arranged in such a different manner that I 
consider an influence from that country excluded. 
We have now reached the last stage of development of the 
erueiform brooches in Norway; from this point the eruciform type 
ceased to be the fashionable ornament of the dress and was there- 
fore subject to no more typological transformations. The large and 
fine brooches were now made after another type than the cruci- 
form. Only a few of the smallest 
and most worthless specimens 
which will be mentioned in con- 
nexion with the chronologieal 
questions treated in the following, 
may be of å later date than any 
of the specimens mentioned in the 
description. 
It would be å tempting task 
to explain why the cruciform broo- 
ehes were used no longer in our 
country while they in England 
produced a series of remarkable 
variations later than all the broo- & 
ches found in Scandinavia. It is Fig. 98. 1. 
difficult to answer a question of 
this sort. But I think the disappearanee of the erueiform brooches 
in Norway was partly due to the increasing taste for å surface 
ornamentation in relief which became at that time predominant in 
the Teutonic world. We are going to see that the latest develop- 
ment of the eruciform brooches in England is directed by this taste, 
and that the surface of the brooches becomes more and more covered 
with complicated ornamental patterns; but the Norwegian brooches 
were not fit for such ornamentation, as their attraction consisted in 
the lively contrasts of light and shadow produced by the sharp 
facets and edges of the form itself; consequently they did not afford 
such large and flat surfaces as were necessary for the decoration 
with animal-ornaments in relief. 
