1906] The eruciform brooches of Norway. 105 
presented from no other district than from the West coast of Nor- 
way, and as the earliest English specimens of this sort are very 
like the Norwegian form. The eharacteristic eurve of the wing's 
outline, so often seen in Norway, deserves in this respect a special 
attention when also found in England; it is seen in the brooch 
fig. 124,1) and this brooch is no unique appearance. Consequently 
I believe that the relationship is 
here fairly established and also 
that the direction of the influence 
is not doubtful as the introduction 
of the form in the English broo- 
ehes must be contemporary with 
the rather late stages of the de- 
velopment in Western Norway. 
Most of the late English broo- 
ches develop from this form; the 
further changes in the. foot being 
here shown in the three following 
figures (125—127).”) The side- 
wings of the foot are soon replaced 
by animal-heads which are generally 
preserved through all the following 
stages of the development, though 
the form is sometimes indistinet 
(as in fig. 127) and sometimes com- 
pletely effaced. More interest is 
attracted by the remarkable chan- 
ges in the shape of the terminating 
animal-head whose nose with its 
two serolls is gradually enlarged, 
then separated from the rest of 
the head by a transverse moulded 
ribbon and treated as an indepen- 
dent ornamental motive, and certainly as å motive more important 
than the head itself. By this process the surface is also gradually 
losing all relief articulation, the termination of the foot being finally 
U7vyvvwovgv 
1) Wildbraham, Cambs. NEVILLE pl. 10, no. 173. 
?) Fig. 125: Northwold, Norfolk. Brit. Mus. From a sketch by the author. 
— Fig. 126: Kilham, Yorksh. York Mus. From a photograph. — Fig. 197: 
Wildbraham, Cambs. NEVILLE pl. 4, no. 95. 
