1906] The eruciform brooches of Norway. VIG. 
has given to the periods better express the archaeological character 
of each period — at least respecting Norway — than is the case 
with the terms of the Danish system. Especially when one is 
working in Norwegian archaeology and with the later parts of the 
Iron-Age the Swedish system gives the impression of being founded 
upon more detailed researches, due to the fact that the Danish 
material from the 6th cent. and downwards is very scanty, while 
the Norwegian and Swedish collections are very rich in antiquities 
from that time. From the Danish material only, the finds from 
Bornholm being excepted, it seems to me quite impossible to get 
a clear impression of the very remarkable development which took 
place during the Migration-Period of Montznius (the Middle-Iron- 
Age of dr. MÖLLER), 
When one is going to deal with the important questions about 
the absolute chronology, the differences seem greater and more 
diffieult to settle. But even upon this point I am inelined to follow 
the Swedish opinions, especially after the recent researches by dr. 
SALIN,') and it will perhaps be seen by aå closer examination of 
the antiquities, that even respecting the specification of absolute 
dates the opinions are not so different as it appears from the 
systematic indications stated above. As å matter of fact it should 
be always remembered that the following dates are given approxim- 
atively and that they never claim an exactness of the same sort as 
the years of historic facts. They are, however, an excellent help 
to obtaining a clear expression of the length of time comprised by 
the different stages of the typological development. 
1. The early forms. 
I have mentioned already that the prototype of the eruci- 
form brooches (tigs. 17—19 above) which is represented among 
the objects belonging to the deposit discovered in the moss of 
Nydam, is by Prof. Monrtzrius referred to the 4th cent. and as 
the deposit in the moss is to be dated towards the end of the 
century, the brooches in question most probably originate from about 
350 A. D. It is evident that about the same time, such brooches 
were introduced even into Norway, which is proved by their appear- 
1) Thierornamentik p. 354 ss. 
