1876.] 273 . [Niles. 



considered as local peculiarities or as manifestations of a widely dis- 

 tributed power was left an undecided question, with the hope that 

 observations at other localities might determine the restriction or the 

 distribution of this force. Some additional and important facts have 

 been obtained at this and at some other localities, which are here pre- 

 sented for the purpose of considering them in connection with those 

 already published, as evidences of the existence of a widely distrib- 

 uted lateral pressure now acting as a powerful geological agent. 



OBSERVATIONS AT BEREA, OHIO. 



Soon after the appearance of the last mentioned article in the 

 Proceedings of the American Association, I was informed that " very 

 similar or identical movements " were known to occur in the sand- 

 stone quarries at Berea, Ohio. Subsequently my correspondent, who 

 modestly requests not to be quoted by name, visited the locality in 

 search of facts, and has kindly furnished me a comprehensive de- 

 scription of the quarries and the phenomena. I have since visited 

 the locality, and although the season was unfavorable for observation, 

 enough was seen to prove the correctness of the statements I had 

 received, and to enable me to determine some additional charac- 

 teristics of the force manifested. 



The fractured condition of the rock, in several places where it had 

 been disturbed by the processes of quarrying, furnished convincing 

 evidence of the action of some powerful agency. The peculiar 

 characteristics of these fractures showed that they had been produced 

 by the exercise of a force in a nearly horizontal and not in a vertical 

 direction. At the time of my visit there was considerable ice in the 

 quarries, and it is hence evident that the rock was not expanded at 

 that time by the agency of heat, while, the concurrent testimony of 

 the proprietors and operators represents the movements under consid- 

 eration as occurring in all states of temperature and weather. When- 

 ever the processes of quarrying have established certain known 

 conditions, affecting the form and extent of the undisturbed rock, as 

 in the quarries at Monson, Mass., the force manifests itself in the 

 phenomena produced. For an adequate representation of these con- 

 ditions, some description of the locality and of the method of quarry- 

 ing is necessary. 



The quarries at Berea are about thirteen miles southwest of Cleve- 

 land. The rock is the Berea Grit, of the Waverley Group. Its 



PROCEEDINGS B. S. N. H.— VOL. XVIII. 18 JULY, 1876. 



