Garman.] 410 [June 21, 



common in which the anterior half of the body has undergone the 

 transformation, the posterior remaining as in the young until included 

 in the changed condition more gradually. Only the very large dis- 

 cover the flank entirely covered by the gland. The differences be- 

 tween the lighter colored from farther south and those of C. laby- 

 rynthicus (Spix) D. and B. from Ceara are scarcely specific. The 

 presence of the glandular structure on the flank in the older speci- 

 mens of C. ocellatus necessitates the return to this genus of the spe- 

 cies withdrawn to form the genus Pleurodema of Tschudi. 



Bufo agua Latr. 



Adult females and young of both sexes similarly marked with 

 spots and having the warts smooth to the touch. Adult males — 

 differing in this regard from what obtains amongst the birds, where 

 the females are least marked — are more modestly colored, uniform 

 olive or brown ; they are smaller, and the warts are usually rough 

 with small spines. The numerous specimens in the Museum have 

 been gathered from upwards of twenty widely separated localities, 

 and represent an area including the entire Amazon basin, extending 

 eastward to Ceara, southward to Goyaz and Villa Bella, and north- 

 ward and westward to Acapulco, Mexico. The rhomboidal shape 

 and the size of the paratoids serve to distinguish the species wher- 

 ever found. Occasional large specimens have these glands somewhat 

 rounded or blunt posteriorly, but as this is not common to the young 

 it is to be regarded simply as the result of an unusual amount of 

 development. Considering the extensive distribution of this animal 

 and its means of locomotion, the amount of variation to be noticed 

 in the most distant localities is surprisingly small. The plan of col- 

 oration is quite the same throughout the entire region. A pair of 

 dark spots between the hinder halves of the paratoids, and one or 

 more pairs of smaller ones farther back, are to be discovered in all 

 young examples. Acapulco and isthmus specimens are more olive; 

 those from Ceara are more brown and the spots more spreading. 

 On those from a small pond on one of the Pearl Islands, in the Gulf 

 of Panama, the tendency toward uniform olive is so great as to ren- 

 der the spots almost obsolete. On the uplands of Minas Geraes 

 and the head waters of the Tocantins the species attains but little 

 more than half the usual size, and is lighter colored. The spots on 

 the back are ringed with white, and the creature is much more warty. 

 When the epiderm is removed, the whole upper surface is black 

 spotted, or reticulated with white, a narrow white line extends along 



