1866.] Proceedings of the Asiatic Society. 191 



" I have received from Mr. F. Cooper, C. B., resident in Kasbmere, a 

 communication from the Rev. Mr. Jaeschke, Missionary in Lahoul. 

 He does not seem to have any personal acquaintance with the Kash- 

 mere countries, and his criticisms on our Proceedings are principally 

 derived from books. He advocates the claims of the snowy peaks 

 North of Almorah and north-east of Lahoul to be the great and small 

 Kailas of the Hindoos, but eventually he comes to a conclusion in 

 which I am much disposed to agree, viz., that the word was applied 

 vaguely and generally to " unknown heights." If so, the snows of 

 < Nanga Parbat' and the surrounding country west of Kashmere may 

 properly, claim the name without interfering with rival claimants. 

 Mr. Jaeschke is, however, certainly wrong in assuming that there is 

 no modern country of ' Chilas,' because he says he finds from the 

 map that c Chilas' is only a single village. He admits that his great 

 authority, Cunningham, applies the name Kailas to the whole range 

 covering this part of the country, but he adds ' only as a scientific 

 proposal, from want of another name.' This is quite a mistake, 

 General Cunningham rightly applied the name, only correcting Chilas 

 to Kailas. I can testify from personal observation that the country 

 up there is just as well-known as ' Chilas' as ' Bengal' is known 

 down here. 



" Mr. Jaeschke advocates the claim of the ancient name l Pardee' to 

 be applied to the languages of those parts. If it is preferred, I have 

 not the slightest objection. I only wish to get the language, by 

 whatever name we call it. 



" More important are Mr. Jaeschke's remarks regarding the country 

 which he himself knows. He says — 



' All this does not affect the usefulness of the proposal of Mr. 

 Campbell for the sake of philological science in general, and it would 

 undoubtedly be a great gain to it, if all these dialects and languages 

 were thoroughly explored by competent scholars, and more especially 

 those which may be supposed to be of unmixed Aryan descent. As 

 for myself, I am greatly obliged to you for the sending of the papers 

 concerning this project, but my aid to the object in view will neces- 

 sarily be very scanty, or nothing at all, as my principal study is 

 confined to Tibetan ; and the two or three hill dialects of this 

 neighbourhood, which have little or no affinity with Tibetan, have, 



