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BORNEAN CICADIDAE. 
four more species are confined to these three islands and 
the Peninsula. An indication of the affinity between the 
fauna of India and Borneo is shown by the occurrence of 
16 species common to both countries. And in the North- 
east we find 11 species common to the Philippine Islands 
and Borneo. The record of but two species in Celebes, 
which are also found in Borneo, is perhaps worthy of 
notice considering the position of the two islands. 
In short it seems that, in regard to Cicadidae at least, 
Borneo has a very fairly distinct fauna of its own, seeing 
that over one third of the number recorded, are confined 
to Borneo. Then secondly it appears that this particular 
group of Cicadidae have for their centre, a region compris- 
ing Borneo, Java, Sumatra and the Peninsula; and that 
thence there is one extension, or line of relation, to the 
north and west through Burma to India, and another to 
the east and north through the Sulu Islands to the Philip- 
pines, meeting a third extension north from the Peninsula 
to Hongkong, Corea and Japan. Thus Borneo forms the 
South-Eastern lmit to the range of this group, although 
we must not forget the two species which go beyond this 
limit, viz. Muda beccarii, which occurs in New Guinea, 
and the ubiquitous Dundubia mannifera, which extends its 
range as far as Australia. 
Jour. Straits Branch 
