5A BRITISH MARINE ALG. 
acknowledgement of that lady’s contributions to botanical science. The 
frond of this plant is from 3in. to about 20in. in length, and is cleft into 
numerous wedge-shaped lobes, each of which is cut from the tip down- 
wards, the terminal incisions being gradually narrower and the tips 
somewhat acute or pointed. These characters are well expressed in the 
specific name, that of ‘“‘ multifida.’’? The fructification is of two kinds on 
distinct individuals, and is usually scattered over both surfaces of the 
whole frond. Antheridia, when present, are attached to small tufts of 
filaments, which are produced in the same manner and occupy the same 
position as the sori or groups of spores. These are developed in little 
tufts, each tiny filament of which contains several sporules, usually eight, 
placed in pairs each under the other. The plant is a summer annual, and 
is found pretty generally on the coasts of England and Ireland, though 
rarcly in Scotland. Haliseris polypodioides, or sea-endive, represented 
Fie..58. Padina pavonia. Fic. 59. Zonaria collaris. 
merely by a branch or two at Fig. 57, is rarely found in perfection except 
with the assistance of the dredge. I have taken this beautiful plant at 
Ilfracombe, and in Plymouth, and Torbay in fine condition, but in each. 
instance it was growing in pools under the shelter of over-hanging rocks 
at extreme low-water mark. The fronds are tufted, from 4in. to 14in.. 
high, and divided in a dichotomous manner, or, by regular forking of the 
branches, all of which are traversed by a strong percurrent midrib; a 
peculiarity which sometimes gives it the appearance of young plants of 
Fucus vesiculosus (Fig.37). The fructification is curious, being of two kinds, 
on separate plants. In one, the spores are produced in oblong spots on each 
side of the midrib, somewhat in the manner of the fruit of the common fern, 
Polypodium vulgare, whence the specific name of Haliseris. In the other 
form of fructification, the spores are scattered singly and irregularly over. 
the surface of the plant. The substance of the membrane of Haliseris is 
