122 BRITISH MARINE ALG. 
British species. It is found in rock pools at all seasons of the year, its 
pretty rose-red fronds fringing the sides of the pools, and in the fruiting 
season being dotted here and there with little white roundish or urn-shaped 
ceramidia, which are produced from the terminal joints of the ramuli, 
or sometimes from the sides of the branches, two or more egg-shaped 
capsules springing from the same joint, but always of the same chalky 
white colour. The fronds vary in length from 2in. to 6in. or more, 
according to the depth of water in which they grow, or the shelter afforded 
them by the larger algw. The species C. squamata is rare, and though 
very similar to the foregoing, may be known by the form of its upper 
joints, which are much flatter than those of C. officinalis, and the upper 
angles are pointed and distinctly prominent. 
The genus Jania, from Janira, one of the Nereides, contains two small 
species, which are parasitic in dense pinky tufts on several of the smaller 
alge. Jania rubens is found on all parts of the British coasts, while J. 
corniculata is chiefly an inhabitant of the southern shores of England 
and Ireland. Fig. 112 represents terminal branches of both species highly 
magnified; a, is a terminal sprig of Jania rubens, b, of J. corniculata, 
These plants, in the living state, very closely resemble each other, but 
the microscope reveals a very marked difference. In J. rubens, it will be 
seen that the joints have rounded angles, while in J. corniculata, the 
angles are sharp and prominent, and the articulations taper a little at 
the base. The ceramidia in each have long horns like the antennz of 
a beetle, and in J. corniculata these horns are each tipped with a cerami- 
dium, from the upper angles of which spring two horn-like ramuli, generally 
somewhat incurved at the tips. 
The second sub-order of the Corallinacee contains that curious group 
of marine productions which, to outward appearance, bear little resem- 
blance to plants (unless it be some of the crustaceous lichens), and possess 
little beauty to recommend them to the notice of any but scientific 
botanists. These are the Nullipores, some of which are foliaceous, and 
free or unattached; others are merely chalky incrustations, spreading over 
rocks and stones, and some few have their place of growth on the fronds 
of other seaweeds. Most of these are included in the genus Melobesia ; 
but as many of them are inhabitants of deep water, or otherwise not 
generally accessible, and rarely met with in good condition, I will merely 
describe one or two species that are frequently found on the fronds of Phyl- 
lophora rubens (Figs. 113 and 149) and Chondrus crispus (Fig. 162). These 
are Melobesia verrucataand M. pustulata, the former of which is a thinchalky 
expansion of irregular shape attached to one surface of the seaweed ; the 
latter is also of irregular form, but generally oblong, and it sometimes 
incrusts both surfaces of the plant on which it grows. A frond of 
Phyllophora rubens, at Fig. 118, represents the manner in which Melobesia 
pustulata is constantly found attached to this red seaweed, defying all 
attempts at mounting the alga on paper until the calcareous parasite is 
scraped off. The little roundish dots on the surface of the Melobesia 
