260 MALAY REDUPLICATED WORDS. 



IV. or U of the first syllable changes into A, and so, too r 

 U of the second; in a very few instances. 



, '■ ■ I^iinggu-rangga, bristling;, rundn-randa erratic; • sung- 

 knr-sangkar sprawling ; hiiru-hara disturbance ; susnp- 

 sasap up and down, over and under. 



Gopoh-gapah liurry -scurry; gonyoh-ganyah scrub vigor- 

 ously; dongkor-dangkar bundling out bag and baggage. 



V. A in the second syllable changes into I. 



Jongkat-jongkit see-sawing ; benggal-benggil knobby; 

 engkap-engkip up and down; jongkar-jangkir bristl- 

 ing; serba (Skt.)-serbi of all sorts; chungkap-chungkip 

 panting; knas-knis scratching {of a fowl) ; serbah- 

 serbeh shaking out a sarong. 



VI. + ang of the last syllable changes into + ok in the follow- 

 ing. 



Bengkang-bengkok, enchang-enchok zigzag; liang-liok, 

 cheleclang-cheledok swaggering; chelengkang-cheleng- 

 kok motion in curves or leaves; sibang-sibok snatching 

 as one passes; bechang-bechok the sound of quarrelling. 



VII. + ang of the last syllable changes into + eh. 

 Chonggang-chonggek bobbing up and down; golang-golek 



swaying. 



VIII. + ang of the last syllable changes into + ut or + it: 



Genjang-genjut, biang-biut, pinchang-pinclmt zigzag; 

 inchang-inehut, erang-ernt awry; geliang-geliut writh- 

 ing; unchang-unchit by fits and starts; tunggang- 

 tnnggit bowing, bobbing up and down; iingkang-ungkit 

 see-saw; gentang-gentit tearing to a point (like a 

 keris). 



IX. + oh of the final syllable changes into + al. 



Enggok-enggal, onggok-onggal roching; undok-undal 

 one after another in swift succession. 



X. A in the final syllable changes into IT. 



Chelam-chelum tramping; chelas-chelus familiar; jeng- 

 gal-jenggul notched; chelup-ehelap sound of splash- 

 ing; keriat-keriut creaking sound of oars. 



XI. And the following isolated usages occur. 



Lauk-pauk hotch-potch; cliekok-chekek choking ; serok- 

 serek cracking of the finger- joints; lesok-lesak rustl- 

 ing; takok-takak notched; cholak-chaling confused; 

 lalu-lalang passing to and fro; selang-seli at intervals; 

 chebek-chebai pout; belu-belai chatter; chongak- 

 enangit - mo ving {the head) up and down; bochor- 

 bachir very leaky; sunyi-senyap deserted, solitary. 



