Some Hydrographical Besults. 



11 



Here appears consequently a rise of temperature of about 1° C. in 

 the bottom layer (200—250 m.), the salinity at the same time in- 

 creasing by 0,65 7oo. A temperature series like the one I mea- 

 sured in the Lyngenfjord Jan. 27th5 1899 is not a little striking. 

 According to the notions we have had about the distribution of 

 temperature in our fjords in winter, that series would have repre- 

 sented the normal temperature conditions in inverse order. It will 

 also be seen that on May 3rd quite a different state of things has 

 appeared. This peculiarity I will say a word about later on. — 



I finally mention a third instance in order to prove what gr eat 

 cooling-down takes place at winter time in an arctic fjord. 



Kvænangenfjord. 



70^ V N. 

 2P 28',5 E. 



Depth. 



^Vi 



1899 



-A 



1899 













metres 



Temp. 

 C. 



Salinity 



Temp. 

 - C. 



Salinity 

 «/oo 







20,6 



33,87 



00,75 



34,21 



10 











20 







0,75 



,^ 



30 











50 



„ 



>5 







80 



,, 



); 



0,75 



)? 



100 



„ 





0,75 





120 



)i 



n 





n 



150 



2,8 









160 







2,0 



34,29 



180 



3,1 



)1 







In the uppermost 120 m. there has consequently from Jan. 

 24th to April 19th been a cooling down of nearly 2° C, and in 

 this layer the salinity has increased by 0,35 7oo. 



If we compare the observations from Malangen, Lyngen, and 

 Kvænangen with those from the Tranø-deep we are at once struck 

 by a considerable difference. The stability of temperature and 

 salinity in the Yestfjord-deep has been mentioned several times. 

 Nothing similar could be shown for the three other fjords mentioned. 

 "The Atlantic Eegion" (5, p. 4) could not be perceived there. The 

 region of periodical changes extends from surface to bottom. 

 Consequently, in such fjords there is no question about any constant 

 bottom temperature. The latter will depend upon meteorological 

 conditions, a thing that also Mohn suggested in the case of the 



