1873.] 315 [Morse. 
was it until a few weeks before his end, that illness obliged 
him to relinquish his daily attendance at the assay-office. 
He died as he had lived, quietly, surrounded by an affection- 
ate family, and cheered by the hopes of a Christian. His 
name is written imperishably in the history of American 
botanical science, and his monument is Torrey’s Peak, that 
lofty summit of the Rocky Mountains which bears his name, 
and rises side by side with Gray’s Peak, named for our other 
great botanist, his life-long friend and fellow-worker, who can 
alone do justice to the story of the long, busy and useful 
life of Dr. John Torrey. A aSevtlet. 
The following paper was presented : — 
‘Tuer SYSTEMATIC POSITION OF THE BRACHIOPODA. 
By Epwarp S. Morse. 
To Japetus Steenstrup, 
Who first recognized the Annelidan Affinities of the Brachiopoda, this Contribution 
as respectfully dedicated. 
PREFACE. 
To the systematic zoologist it is instructive to mark the changes 
that have taken place in the classification of animals within the last 
thirty years, changes not only resulting from further knowledze of 
the internal structure of animals, and of their embryology and early 
stages, but changes resulting from a new interpretation of data pre- 
viously well known. 
Up to comparatively recent times, such distinguished authorities 
as Avassiz, and Vogt, have suggested the association of the Vorticel- 
lidee? and Foraminifera? and the Ctenophora? with the Mollusca. 
Not only were these additions rejected, but already have been re- 
moved the Cirripedia, and the shell-bearing Serpula, Spirorbis, and 
other forms originally grouped with the Mollusca. Are we now to 
believe that this work of elimination has ended? If further dismem- 
berment of this perplexing branch is to take place, one would natur- 
ally look for it in that association of classes called the Molluscoi- 
1Louis Agassiz, Essay on Classification. 8vo. ed., p. 108. 
2Ibid.,p 113. 
3 Carl Vogt, Zoologische Briefe. 
