Hyatt.] 244 [May 17, 



EUDYPTES. 



Coloration uniformly dark. A complete hood is here general, each 

 of the several species having that pattern. The head feathers are 

 generally longer than in other genera and the top of the head is or- 

 namented by two still more elongated bunches of feathers, forming 

 curly pendent lateral crests. These are of an orange or yellowish 

 hue. The bills are reddish, very short, straight, the maxilla hooked 

 at the end, the mandible truncated, deep and broad at the base as in 

 Pygoscelis. The nasal groove widens very rapidly posteriorly, and 

 the feathers fill the triangular spaces thus made, but do not in any 

 case entirely cover the nostrils, which are almost concealed under 

 the large fold made by the upper edge of the deep nasal groove. 

 The mandible, however, is plumed for more than half its length as 

 in Pygoscelis adelice. The tail feathers are short in Eudyptes catar- 

 ractes, and long in the other three species. The truncation of the 

 mandible is usually denied, but an examination of the bills of the three 

 specimens in our collection is sufficient to establish the truth of the 

 above; it is hardly so decidedly truncated as in Spheniscus but yet 

 very plainly so. The fullest development of this peculiar bill is in 

 E. chrysocoma where the bill is deepest, and least in E. catarractes, 

 which resembles Spheniscus minor in many of its characteristics, in 

 its color, a dark penguin blue, its short tail and the extent to which 

 both jaws are feathered. In all other respects it is a true Eu- 

 dyptes. The size and shape of the head and bill, especially the 

 shortness of the latter, the great breadth posteriorly of the nasal 

 groove, and the great breadth of the base of the bill as well as its 

 depth, are characteristics of Eudyptes. 



Linnaeus, Editio X and XII, has two species, one confounded with 

 Diomedea and one with Phaeton. 



LITERATURE. 



The genus Spheniscus was first formed by Brisson (Ornithologie, 

 Tome 6, p. 99), and included one species only — Spheniscus ncevius, 

 which he identifies as Diomedea demersa of Linn., and Anser magel- 

 lanicus of Clusius, Exot. Lib., Cap. v, p. 101. The specimen fig- 

 ured in pi. 9, has the complete collar of the variety described by 

 Forster as Aptenodytes magellanicus. Catarractes was also formed 

 by Brisson, p. 102, to contain Phaeton demersus of Linn., figured 

 by Edwards, Tome 1, p. 49, pi. 49, and Aptenodytes catarractes Fors- 

 ter, Comm. p. 145. 4to. Paris. 



