Hyatt.] 246 [May 17, 



Hombron and Jacquinot, in preliminary descriptions of new species 

 in Ann. de Sci. Nat., 1841, p. 320, describe two species of Eudyptes, 

 and afterward in the publication of results in Voy. au Pole Sud, on 

 pi. 33 of the birds, separate adelice as Dasyrhamphus adelice, leav- 

 ing antipodes to represent Eudyptes. 1 



It follows from the preceding review of the different generic de- 

 scriptions that Linnaeus, neither by the position which he gave the 

 group in his system, nor by his confounding it with Phaeton, recog- 

 nized its real relations to the whole class of birds. 



The generic characteristics selected show a similar deficiency. 

 They were taken from the specific differences of the hooking of the 

 maxilla, and the peculiarities of the nostrils and the family charac- 

 teristic of featherless wings, whereas four toes were used as of spe- 

 cific value in "Diomedea" demersa, and the freedom of the hind toe 

 as specifically characteristic of li Phaeto?i" demersus. 



The necessity of separating this very distinct type from the groups 

 with which Linnaeus associated it, was first recognized by Brisson, 

 and here we find general characteristics given for the group. These, 

 however, are such as are shared in common with the Colymbidae with 

 which they were associated; viz., four toes, three joined by a mem- 

 brane, the fourth separate ; the limbs behind are hidden in the ab- 

 domen. 



The minor divisions were properly enough characterized by the 

 peculiarities of the beak, this being hooked in the Penguins and 

 straight in the Divers. The generic characteristics were a mere trans- 

 cript of those of the group, except the form of the lower mandible, 

 which is shown to be truncated in Spheniscus and rounded in Eu- 

 dyptes. The colors of the feathers were very naturally selected as 

 designating the species. 



The type of Spheniscus is Spheniscus ncevius, but it becomes neces- 

 sary to call it by the name of demersus, subsequently given to it by 

 Linn reus. The name would then be as used by Schlegel — Sphenis- 

 cus demersus. 



C-atarractes demersus of Brisson, the same species as Phaeton de- 

 mersus of Linn., is the type of the crested group, but this cannot 

 properly retain the generic designation of Brisson, but must, as pre- 

 viously pointed out, take the name of Eudyptes, Vieillot, 1816, in- 

 stead of Chrysocoma of Stephens, 1825. 



1 Bonaparte, in 1856, in the Comptes Rendus, institutes the genus Eudyptila 

 upon the Aptenodytes minor of Forster 



