Wilder.] 410 [December 20, 



importance and morphological value, for I believe it will prove more useful than 

 all other vertebrates together, in deciding the problems indicated in this paper. 



Page 337. For representation in fibrous tissue by adult structures of what 

 was cartilaginous in the embryo, see Parker (292, 1S2 and 197). 



Page 338. As to the morphical value of development, the two great English 

 authorities differ further, as follows: Owen (63, 3, 742) speaks- of the "low 

 taxonomic value of the placental character"; " development is no ground of 

 homology or homotypy" ; while his general repudiation of the criterion is vig- 

 orously expressed as follows: "Whenever a false homology has to be main- 

 tained, the earliest and obscurest phenomena and embryonal development are 

 usually resorted to in support of such view " (63, 3, 146, note 5). While Hux- 

 ley, on the other hand, states that " an extensive study of the integumentaiy 

 organs convinces one at once that mere structure affords no base for homology; 

 . . . these definitions of ecderon and enderon rest wholly upon the mode of 

 growth." Cyc. Anat. and Phys. ; suppl., p. 476. 



VII. CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF SPECIAL WORKS AND PAPERS UPON 

 • INTERMEMBRAL HOMOLOGIES. 1 



1. Vicq d'Azyr: Memoire sur les rapports qui se trouvent entre les usages 

 et la structure des quatre extremity dans l'homme et dans les animaux. 

 M^moires de l'Acad^mie royale des sciences, 1774, p. 254. (Eeprinted in 

 (Euvres recueillies par Moreau, 1805; torn, iv, p. 315.) 



2. Winslow, J. B. : Exposition anatomique de la structure du corps hu- 

 main, nouvelle Edition, 1775. (First edition, 1732; second, 1763.) 



3. Isenflamme et Ferlyrolles : Dissertation des extr^mites — — 



Erlangen, 1785. 



4. Chaussier: Exposition des Muscles, 1789. 



5. Soemmering: De corporis humani fabrica, 1794. 



6. Cuvier: Lecons de l'Anatomie compare, 1800; torn, i, p. 430. (2d ed. 

 1832.) 



7. Handbuch der menschlichen Anatomie, 1816. (See also the French and 

 English editions.) 



8. De Blainville : Nouveau dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle de Deterville, 

 1818; torn, xix, p. 91. (See also his Ostdographie Primates, torn, i, p. 26, 

 1841; and a citation upon the Muscles in the Appendix to Meckel's Traits 

 d'anat. comp., torn, vi, p. 494.) 



9. Barclay: The bones of the human body represented in a series of en- 

 gravings; explanation of plate xxiv, 1824. 



• 10. Gerdy: Note sur le parallele des os; Bulletin Univ. de F^russac, Sci- 

 ences Medicales, torn, xix, 1829. 



11. Duges: Sur la conformity organique de l'echelle animale; Ann. des Sci. 

 Nat., 1831. (Printed separately, 1832.) 



1 An asterisk indicates that the work is in the possession of the writer. For oth- 

 ers he would be glad to exchange copies of the present and previous papers. 



