Hagen. ] 406 [January 28, 
Section of Entomology. January 28, 1880. 
Mr. 8. Henshaw in the chair. Seven persons present. 
The following papers were read :— 
PAPERS ON GALLS IN BOTANICAL SERIALS. By Dr. H. A. 
HAGEN. 
In the “ Botanischer Jahresbericht, ’’? by Dr. L. Just, Berlin, 1879, 
recording the botanical literature for 1877, the section (pp. 485-517) 
on galls of plants produced by animals is edited, as in former years, 
by Dr. F. Thomas, well known for his numerous and valuable com- 
munications upon the subject. Of the 107 papers recorded (one 
fourth on Phylloxera), relating to the classification, to the physiology 
and the terminology of galls, some are published in botanical serials 
not easily accessible to entomologists, and n fact not recorded in 
zoological papers. I therefore believe that a condensed sketch of the 
contents of three papers by Mr. M. W. Beyerink may be of some 
importance for North American specialists. 
1. Ueber Pflanzengallen, in A. de Bary’s Botanische Zeitung, 
vol. 35, pp. 17-21 ; pp. 33-38. This paper proposes a natural classi- 
fication of galls. 
2. Bidrage tot de morphologie of the plantgallen. Utrecht, 1877. 
8°, pp. 92, pl. 2. This paper seems to be partly an introduction to 
the foregoing. Iwas not able to see the paper, and have used the 
record by Dr. M. Treub given in the Botanischer Jahresbericht. 
3. Over gallen aan Cruciferen, in Nederlandsch kruidkundig 
Archief. Nijmegen, 1877, 8°, ser. 2, vol. 3, p. 164-173. 
In the second paper, Mr. Beyerink comprehends under the name 
galls every abnormal new formation of plant cells or plant tissues, pro- 
duced by some vegetable or animal matter, which is introduced partly 
or entirely in the interior of the plant. As gall-producing plants, he 
considers Algae, Fungi and, in the Phanerogams, the Rafflesiaceae 
and the Loranthaceae ; as gall-producing animals, Rotatoria, per- 
haps Infusoria, Nematoda (Anguillula), and Arthropoda: 
The first paper contains the following proposed classification. 
