1874.] 335 [Kneeland. 



from it by epigenesis spinel, tourmaline, fibrolite, cyanite, paragonite 

 and other micas, chlorite, and probably various feldspars. According 

 to him great beds of micaceous and chloritic schists have resulted 

 from the transformation of corundum, and even the beds of bauxite, 

 a mixture of hydrous aluminic and ferric oxyds allied to limonlte, 

 which abounds in certain tertiary deposits, were once- corundum or 

 emery, from which they have been derived by a retrograde metamor- 

 phosis; a striking example of the strange conclusions to which this 

 doctrine of epigenic pseudomorphism may lead. 



The speaker had not only carefully studied Dr. Genth's paper, but 

 through the courtesy of this gentlemen, had examined with him the 

 extensive collection of specimens upon which the conclusions an- 

 nounced by Dr. Genth have been based, and while bearing testi- 

 mony to his accuracy and skill as a chemist and mineralogist, 

 maintained that all of the phenomena in question are nothing more 

 than examples of association and envelopment, as above explained. 

 AH of the facts regarding the corundum-bearing veins described by 

 Dr. Genth, have their parallels in the granitic veins with beryl and 

 tourmaline, so common in the Montalban, or White Mountain rocks 

 of North America, and in the calcareous veinstones, with apatite, 

 pyroxene, phlogopite, and graphite, of the Laurentian rocks, both of 

 which classes of veins have elsewhere been described by the author. 



Dr. S. Kneeland exhibited a dress and pouch made by the 

 natives of the Gold Coast, Africa, and several photographs of 

 the Ashantees and Fantees, now brought to notice by the 

 war between the former and the English. 



The Ashantees are on that portion of the Gold Coast, in Upper 

 Guinea, bounded north by the Kong Mts., south by the Atlantic, east 

 and west by large rivers, from 5° to 9° 30 / North latitude. Since 

 the beginning of this century, they have been the most powerful 

 kingdom of native Africans, having reduced the Fantees, between 

 them and the sea, to subjection, and having had several encounters 

 with the English on the coast, almost always gaining the victory, and 

 when defeated causing heavy loss to the enemy. They number more 

 than a million people, and their soil is extremely fertile; they are 

 ingenious manufacturers, and export large quantities of gold dust, no 

 doubt washed down from the Kong Mts. to the north. 



The Fantees are on the coast, of which the interior region is occu- 



