284 BAENACLES FROM DEEP-SEA CABLES. 



intermediate between these two extremes, being very variable in 

 the extent of the valves, having great or moderately great bulk, 

 a moderately thick capituhim and a moderately thick investment. 

 The reduction of their valves, however, is brought about mainly 

 not by excavation of the margins, and it is possible that they may 

 represent an offshoot from the same stock that lias produced A. 

 giganteum and 8. persona successively in the direct line, having 

 valves capable of reduction as in the latter, but lacking the very 

 thick investment and other extreme characters of both species. 



In spite of its biological and taxonomic interest the collection 

 does not cast much light on the distribution of the deep-sea fauna 

 of Malaysia. One species (Scalpellum stearnsi) appears to be a 

 true eastern form, common in Japanese seas in shallow water and 

 at moderate depths near shore and found by the ' Siboga ' at several 

 places in the Malay Archipelago in from 112 to 221 fathoms. It 

 has not been taken anywhere west of the Malay Peninsula. The 

 other seven species have been found only in the Malay Archipelago, 

 but one of them (Scalpellum persona) from the Java Sea is closely 

 related to a form (8. alcockianum) described from greater depths 

 (859-080 fathoms) off Ceylon. 8. sociabile is probably confined to 

 the western and central parts of the Archipelago, while 8. nudipes, 

 8. sociabile var. parviceps, Heteralepas gigas, If. malaysiana and 

 Poecilasma gigas are only known from the seas round Java and 

 Borneo. None of these species are related to others very closely. 



T know of no other collection of barnacles from deep-sea cables 

 in the Malay Archipelago. There is a small one in the British 

 Museum from a cable in the western part of the Indian Ocean, 

 including specimens of three species only, all of which are different 

 from the Malayan ones. It is, however, from a considerably greater 

 depth (1200 fathoms) than the collection considered here. Two of 

 the species (Scalpellum veluiinum, Hoek and 8. gruvelii, Annan- 

 dale) are fairlv large forms, but the third, S. (S milium) acutum, 

 Hoek, is decidedly small. 8. acutum and 8. veluiinum are both 

 species with a very extensive range in the deep sea, while S. gruvelii 

 is known otherwise with certainty only from off Ceylon and from 

 the Laccadive Sea, but is so closely related to American forms 

 from both the Atlantic and the Pacific that their specific identity 

 has been suggested. 



Family SCALPELLIDAE. 



Genus Scalpellum, Leach. 



1851. Scalpellum, Darwin, Mon. Cirr., Lepadidae (Bay Soc), p. 215. 



1883. Scalpellum, Hoek, Zool. Hep. 'Challenger', VIII, Cirripedia, p. 59. 



1905. Scalpellum, Gruvel, Mon. Cirrh., p. 23. 



1907. Scalpellum, Hoek, Siboga-Exp., mon. XXXI a (Cirr. Ped.), p. 58. 



1907. Scalpellum, Pilsbry Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 60, p. 6. 



1908. Scalpellum _|_ Smilium 4. Euscalpellum, id., Proc. Acad. Nat. Set. Phil- 



adelphia, pp. 107, 108. 

 1910. Scalpellum, Annandale, Pec. Ind. Mus., V, p. 145. 

 1916. Scalpellum, Joleaud, Ann. Mus. d'Hist. Nat. Marseilles, XV, p. 37. 



Jour. Straits Branch 



