286 BARNACLES FROM DEEP-SEA CABLES. 



Quite recently (1016) Joleaud. writing largely from a palaeon- 

 tological point of view and ignoring everything but the capitular 

 valves of the hermaphrodites or females, has proposed an entirely 

 new classification. He separates off the apparently more primitive 

 forms assigned to Scalpellum by Hoek and places them in the genera 

 Pollicipes, which he distinguishes from Mitella, and Scillaelepas. 

 The remaining species he retains in Scalpellum, which he divides 

 into two subgenera. To these he assigns the names Protoscalpellum 

 and Scalpellum. In Protoscalpellum he recognizes three sections,. 

 Euprotoscalpellum , Subpseudoscalpellum and Pseudoscalpellum^ 

 To Scalpellum (s. sir.) he also assigns three sections, which he 

 calls Adeuscalpellum. Subeuscalpellum and Euscalpellum. To say 

 the least of it, these sectional names are ponderous. Their inven- 

 tion, considering the terminology already available, seems to have 

 laid an unnecessary burden on the ingenuity of the author. 



In all of this I see no reason to recede from the position I 

 took up in 1910. at any rate so far as the Endo-Malayan species 

 are concerned. The forms assigned by Joleaud to Pollicipes and 

 Scillaelepas are certainly very remarkable and may be worthy of 

 subgeneric or even generic rank, but none of them occur in the 

 Indian Ocean and I have little personal experience of any. Of 

 course I do not deny that among the numerous species I retain in 

 Scalpellum (s. str.) several more or less distinct groups occur, but 

 these groups are not strictly separated one from another and I think 

 it better, when it is necessary to refer to them separately, merely to 

 call them after the most characteristic species known (as " the group 

 of S. alcockianum " or " the group of S. stratum "), 



Throughout the Pedunculata valves are liable to degenerate 

 and disappear and I doubt whether the absence of any one valve 

 has much significance. The presence, on the other hand, of more 

 than a definite number is in most genera a fact of importance. In 

 Scalpellum (s. I.) there may be as many as 15 valves on the capitu- 

 lum of the hermaphrodite, or as few as 13: but it is significant 

 that in all known males of the genus in which the calcareous 

 armature is not degenerate there are six valves. Moreover, in many 

 if not in all species a stage in the post-larval development of the 

 female or hermaphrodite can be found in which there are six main 

 calcified areas. 1 The six valves that appear on these grounds to be 

 primitive are the carina and rostrum, a pair of terga and a pair 

 of scuta. The primitive armature thus differs from that typical 

 of the Lepadidae mainly in the presence of a rostrum. In Mitella, 

 on the other hand, there seems to be no evidence for the existence 

 at any stage in the evolution of the genus of so small a number of 

 valves. As I have pointed out elsewhere, 2 the lines of evolution in 

 the Cirripedia are so complicated and uncertain that any statement 



1. How readily extra valves of no particular significance can be pro- 

 duced in Scalpellum is shown by S. valvulifer, Annandale, Vid. Heddel. 

 naturh. Foren. Kbhavn., 1910, p. 214, pi. iii, figs. 1, 2. 



2. Mem. Ind. Mus., II, p. 61 (1909). 



Jour. Straits Brancb 



