50 ■ THE BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. [Voi. xxv. xNo. 2S9. 



to be a principal cause, that a cold climate, as in the case of 

 the higher portion of a mountain, ^^ is very unprofitable to the 

 water plants. 



As we see in the above table, the flora of the swamp has 

 generally' a great resemblance to the floras of the distant regions, 

 as aquatic and marsh plants are, in most cases, cosmopolitan. 

 It is partly because of conditions of fresh water \vhich are 

 nearly uniform throughout the world, and partliy because of 

 water fowls which play an important role of the distritution of 

 w^ater plants.-^ 



Especially, Phragmites communis is found everywhere in 

 the world, so that reed-swamps may occur also everywhere 

 through the world. 



Here I must express my sincere thanks to the most distin- 

 guished systematist Mr. T. Alakino who had thoroughly 

 identified all the above named plants of the swamp for me, and 

 made a new variety of Potamogeton (P. lucensh., var. teganu- 

 mensis Mak.) 



Conclusion and Summary. 



1. Teganuma (numa=swamp) is one of the relics of the Tone, 

 and now half drained, so that its basin is very rich in 

 aquatic plants'' and makes an appearance of " Untersceische 

 Walder."^' 



2. The swamp is a kind of " Weiher " (Etangs)"^^ limnologically. 

 Therefore, it has only the inhabitants''^^ of the littoral region 

 (Uferbank) of deep lakes, and accordingly there never occurs 

 such a pure association as Chara, Nitella and Cladophora, 

 which all belong to the deeper basin more than two meters. 



1) SCHENCK : Die Bio'.ogie der Wassergcwiiclise, 18^6, p. 157. 



2) Forel: Allgemehie Limnoli'gie, p. 21o. 1001. 

 SciiENCK : 1. c. p. 133. 



3) CoULEs: I.e. p. lol. 



4) Forel: ].c. p. 18:\ 



5) Ditto, p. 4 and 44. 



6) Uorrespuiul to tlio e of tlie zone of " Wels.s " in '' Wurnisfc,' Bhand" I.e. 



