236 TRAVELS TO DISCOVER 
Tue capital punifhments in Abyffinia are the crofs. So- 
cinios * firft ordered Arzo, his competitor, who had fled 
for affiftance and refuge to Phineas king of the Falafha, to 
be crucified without the camp. We find the fame punifh- 
ment inflicted by Artaxerxes upon Haman {, who was ordered 
to be affixed to the crofs till he died. And Polycrates of 
Samos, Cicero tells ust, was crucified by order of Oretis, 
pretor of Darius. 
THE next capital punifhment is flaying alive. That this 
barbarous execution ftull prevails in Abyffinia is already 
proved by the fate of the unfortunate Woofheka, taken 
prifoner in the campaign of 1769 while I was in Abyflinia; 
a facrifice made to the vengeance of the beautiful Ozoro 
Efther, who, kind and humane as fhe was in other refpects, 
could receive no atonement for the death of her hufband, 
Socrates § fays, that Manes the heretic was flayed alive by 
order of the king of Perfia, and his fkin made into a bottle. 
And Procopius || informs us, that Pacurius ordered Baficius 
to be flayed alive, and his {kin made into a bottle and hung 
upon a hightree, And Agathias y, mentions, that the fame 
punifhment was inflicted upon Nachorages more raapeaee ac- 
cording to ancient cuftom. 
LapPIpATION, or ftoning to death, is the next capital pu- 
nifhment in Abyffinia. This is chiefly inflited upon 
flrangers called Franks, for religious caufes. The Catholic 
eae priefts 
* Vide annals of Abyffinia, life of Socinios.. + Efther, chap. vil, and viii. 
i Cicero, lib. v. de Finib. § Ecclefiaft. Hiftor. chap. xxii. 
{| Procop. lib. i, cap. 5. de Bell, Pers. » Agath. lib. ui. 
