122 



Samples of the wood from Benin, believed to be of this species, 

 have been valued on the Liverpool market at 2d. to 2\d. per foot, 

 classified as mahogany (Kew Bull. 1908, p. 194). The wood is 

 suitable for cabinet work (Les Bois Industr. i. p. 236). 



The bark is aromatic, sudorific, and stimulant ; reduced to a 

 powder and soaked in water it is applied by the natives for the 

 cure of rheumatic affections (Moloney, For. W. Afr. p. 293). 



The " Ata " or u Artar " Root (Bark) of W. Africa is attributed 

 to this species. It has been examined by Giacosa and Soare who 

 have found it to contain a fixed oil, a crystalline substance, 

 melting at 120°, and three alkaloids, the principal being named 

 " Artarine " (Pharm. Journ. [3] xx. p. 163, and Year Book, Pharm. 

 1890, p. 150). 



The tree is found in the mixed forests of S. Nigeria (Thompson, 

 Col. Rep. Misc. No. 51, 1908, p. 61). 



Citrus, Linn. 



Citrus Aurantium, Linn., Sp. PL (1753) p. 783. 



A small tree, up to 20 feet in height, usually with a straight 

 trunk and well developed, spherical head. Leaves ovate-oblong, 

 acuminate ; petioles winged. Flowers white. Fruit yellow or 

 golden when ripe, globose, or oblate-sphaeroidal, from about 2\ to 

 4 inches in diameter ; rind thin ; smooth or nearly so ; pulp 

 sweet. 



III.— Rumpf, Amb. ii. t. 35 : Plenck, Ic. t. 580 ; Duhamel, Traite 

 des Arbres, vii. tt. 33, 37 ; Woodv. Med. Bot. iii. t. 188 ; Diet. 

 Sc. Nat. t. 159 ; Desc. Ant. i. t. 38 ; Tuss. Ant. iii. t. 14 ; Hayne, 

 Darst. Beschr. Gewache, xi. t. 28 ; Guimpel, Abbild. Beschr. t. 71 ; 

 Drapiez, Herb. Amat. de Fleurs, iv. t. 242 (var. melitense) ; Burnett, 

 PI. Util. i. t. 3a ; Risso and Poiteau, Orangers, tt, 3-29 ; Bentl. 

 and Trimen, Med. PI. t. 51 ; Nicholson, Diet. Gard. f . 460 ; Bonavia, 

 Cult. Orang. and Lem. India, tt. 40-58 ; Sauvaigo, Les Cult. Medit. 

 figs. 106 and 107 ; Freeman & Chandler, World's Comm. Prod, 

 pp. 271, 273. 



Vernac. name. — Orombo (Lagos, Dawodu). — Sweet Orange. 



Var. Bigaradia, Duhamel, Traite des Arbres, vii. p. 99. 



Differs chiefly from the type in the longer spines, fruit rough 

 skinned ; of deeper colour, bitter pulp, and aromatic rind. 



III. — Duhamel, Traite des Arbres, vii. tt. 25 (Bigaradia sinensis) 

 32, 34 (Bigaradia- var. violacea) ; 36 (Bigaradia bizarre) ; Tuss. 

 Ant. iii. t, 15 (Bigaradier Franc) ; Wagner, Pharm. Med. Bot. tt. 49, 

 50 (C. Aurantium) ; Drapiez, Herb. Amat. de Fleurs, i. t. 56 

 (var. violacea) ; Steph. and Ch. Med. Bot. t. 14 ; Wight, Spicil. 

 Neilgh. i. t. 25 (C. vulgaris) ; Wight, Ic. PI. Ind. or. i. t. 957 

 (C. vulgaris) ; Berg and Schmidt, Darst. and Beschr. Pharm. iv. 

 t, 31e (C. vulgaris) ; Risso and Poiteau, Orangers tt. 30-52 ; 

 Kohler, Med. Pflan. i. (G. vulgaris) ; Bonavia, Cult. Orang. and 

 Lem. India, tt. 1-18. 



Bitter Orange ; Seville Orange ; Bigarade Orange. 



Old Calabar ; and in many other parts of the Colony. 



