134 



used for making cordial — iron may be used when the juice is to be 

 concentrated), driven by steam, water, or cattle ; a press for 

 extracting any juice that may be left in the skins after passing 

 through the mill ; storage vats ; a copper still ; three copper 

 tayches in which to boil the juice, and coolers. (See Lime Cult. 

 Pamph. 53, Imp. Dept. Agric. W. Indies, p. 26, and for estimates of 

 the cost of requirements totalling £305 for an estate of 10-12 acres, 

 and £1,500 for an estate of 50-60 acres, p. 27.) 



The extraction of citrate on the spot appears to be new outside 

 Sicily and S. Italy, and other countries where it is produced from the 

 Lemon, and it is not unlikely that the manufacture will supersede 

 that of concentrated juice, especially when freight is an important 

 consideration. In this connection it may be of interest to 

 remember the artificial production of Citric Acid which a few 

 years ago created some anxiety amongst cultivators of the Lemon 

 and Lime. It was then (1891) stated by an eminent firm of 

 wholesale pharmacists that, although it had certainly been pro- 

 duced, this was more as a scientific experiment, and it was not 

 likely to become an article of commerce ; in other words, they 

 did not believe that "an artificial would ever supersede the 

 natural acid." (See Kew Bull. 1894, pp. 103-108, and pp. 199-200.) 

 The progress of the synthetic product does not appear, so far, to 

 have gathered any more force. 



The preparation of " Citrate of Lime " is fully detailed in the 

 Pamphlet No. 53, Imp. Dept. Agric. W. Indies, pp. 41-44. (See 

 refs. below.) 



Ref. — "The Lime Industry in Dominica," Dr. Nicholls, in 

 Timehri, Demerara, ii. 1883, pp. 81-97. — " Lime Juice, Its 

 Properties and Uses," Conroy, in Pharm. Journ. [3] xiii. 1883, 

 pp. 606-608. — " On the Probable Source of the whole Group of 

 Cultivated True Limes," Dr. Bonavia, in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxii. 

 1887, pp. 213-218.—" The Sour Lime of India," in Diet. Econ. 

 Prod. India, Watt, ii. 1889, pp. 355-357.—" The Lime," in Tropical 

 Agric. Dr. Nicholls, pp. 153-158 (Macmillan & Co., London, 1892). 

 — "Limes," in Bull. Bot. Dept. Jamaica, Nov. 1892, pp. 11-12. — 

 "West Indian Lime," in Kew Bull. 1894, pp. 113-116.— " Artificial 

 Production of Citric Acid," Lc. pp. 103-108 and pp. 199-200.— 

 "Distilling the Essential Oil of Limes," in Bull. Bot. Dept. 

 Jamaica, 1895, pp. 97-98. — " Oil of Limette" (West Indian Limette 

 Oil, Citrus medica, var. acida ; Italian Limette Oil, Citrus Limetta, 

 Risso, distinguished from that of the W. Indian by its sweet juice), 

 in The Volatile Oils, Gildemeister & Hoffmann, pp. 477-478 (Mil- 

 waukee Pharmaceutical Review Publishing Co., 1900). — " Cultiva- 

 tion of Limes in the West Indies," in West Indian Bull. ii. 1901, 

 pp. 308-318. — " Citrate of Lime, preparation of," I.e. iii. 1902, p. 152. 

 — " Concentrated Lime Juice " (ascertaining its strength by means 

 of a hydrometer) I.e. v. 1904, p. 236. — " Citrate of Lime and 

 Concentrated Juice," I.e. vi. 1905, p. 308. — " Citrate of Lime," 

 I.e. vii. 1906, pp. 331-337. — " Citrate of Lime and Concentrated 

 Juice," I.e. viii. 1907, pp. 167-172, with sketch-plan of a Citrate 

 Factory. — " The West Indian Lime," Brooks, in Journ. Roy. Hort. 

 Soc. xxxii. 1908, pp. 172-188, illustrated ; dealing with the 

 History ; Cultivation ; Insect and Fungoid Pests ; Products ; 



