COMPRESSIVE AND TRANSVERSE STRENGTHS OF BRICKWORK. LXIII. 



EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION on the STRENGTH 



op BRICKWORK when SUBJECTED to COMPRESSIVE 



and TRANSVERSE STRESSES. 



By Prof. W. H. Warren, m. inst. c.e., m. Am. Soc. c.e., and 



S. H. BaRRACLOUGH, B.E., M.M.E., Assoc. M. Inst. C.E. 



[Read before the Enjineering Section of the Royal Society of N. S. Wales, 

 December 19, 1900.'] 



1. The following investigation comprises tests of brick columns 

 and of brick beams built both in cement and in lime mortars, 

 together with tests of the materials used in building the columns 

 and beams. A s pecial effort was made to keep the conditions as 

 uniform as possible. The bricks used were all of one quality; the 

 sand in the mortar was Neapean River sand sifted through 400 

 and caught on 900 meshes per square inch. The Portland cement 

 was Hemmoor brand, obtained from one shipment ; the lime was 

 ordinary stone lime of uniform quality. The proportions of sand, 

 of cement or lime, and of water used in making the mortar were 

 accurately measured and the materials were mixed in a uniform 

 manner. The same bricklayer was employed to build all the 

 columns and beams; and the joints were maintained the same 

 thickness throughout. 



2. Compression Tests. — The columns were about 56 inches long 

 and 9 inches by 9 inches or 14 inches by 9 inches in section, (Figs. 

 1 and 2). They were built on planed cast iron face plates specially 

 constructed for the purpose, and were finished accurately on their 

 upper ends to plane surfaces. In lifting them into the machine 

 the columns were held between the upper and lower face plates 

 under a slight initial compression of about half a ton by means of 

 bolts passing through lugs on the face plates ; the bottom plate 

 was allowed to rest upon a ball bearing, and the top plate was 

 removed before testing so that the top of the column was brought 



