ae 
Pl Bi X 
6 W. H. WARREN. 
Progress in Steam Engineering.—The finest examples 
of modern steam engines to-day are to be seen in the mail 
steamers which run from New York to Great Britain and 
Europe, and also in the large power plants of America and 
Europe, whesge they are arranged to drive electrical gener- 
ators. Some very fine examples of pumping engines exist, 
such as the Reynold’s engine at Chestnut Hill, Boston, 
U.S.A., which gave a duty of 178,497,000 foot pounds per 
1,000 pounds of dry steam, and 173,869,000 foot pounds per 
100 tbs. of coal. 
The recent engines designed by Reynolds for the Man- 
hattan Railway Company of New York are also worthy of 
notice, aS each engine consists of a pair of compound 
engines capable of developing 8,000 horse power when 
working under its most economical conditions, and a maxi- 
mum of 12,000 horse power. One excellent feature in the 
design is the arrangement of the two high pressure cylinders 
horizontally and the two low pressure cylinders vertically, 
thus minimising cylinder wear, and saving floor space. 
Again the cranks are so arranged that eight impulses are 
given per revolution, which is a great advantage in driving 
alternating current generators. 
One of the most notable examples of marine engines and 
shipbuilding occurs in the North German Lloyd Atlantic 
liner Kaiser Wilhelm II., which is one of the largest and 
fastest ships yet built. The displacement is 27,000 tons, 
and the engines are 40,000 I.H.P.; the speed is 24 knots 
per hour. The propelling machinery for the twin screws 
consists of four four-cylinder, three crank, quadruple ex- 
pansion engines. The two engines for each shaft are placed 
behind each other in order to admit of the construction of 
a transverse watertight bulkhead in addition to the longi- 
tudinal partition, so that each of the four engines is within 
a separate compartment. These engines drive a four- 
