16 | W. H. WARREN, 
motors for the Darling Island grain elevators, besides a 
number of motors for operating machines, cranes, traversers 
etc. at the EHveleigh railway workshops as previously 
mentioned. Amongst other uses of current from Ultimo 
are the operation of the Pyrmont and Glebe Island swing 
bridges, and the twenty-two low level sewage pumping 
stations which are being put into service, and the illumin- 
ation of the Sydney Cricket Ground by means of 20 arcs 
and 1,500 incandescent lamps for evening performances. 
The use of electricity in connection with the railways 
has also been largely increased, an important improvement 
instituted by the Commissioners to increase the safe work- 
ing of trains over so much single line road as exists in this 
State being the substitution of the electric tablet and 
electric train staff systems for the old hand staff and ticket © 
permits, which they found in use when they commenced 
control. The possibilities of working have also been im- 
mensely enhanced by the adoption of all kinds of telephones, 
phonophores, etc. 
In regard to the application of the polyphase system to 
electric railways and tramways a very great saving would 
be affected if suitable car motors could be constructed for 
utilizing the polyphase current without the elaborate 
system of rotary converter substations now found necessary. 
A satisfactory alternating current motor for tramways has 
so far not appeared, but such motors have been used on 
electric railways in a few instances, the most recent of 
which is on the experimental Military Railway near Berlin, 
where Messrs. Siemens and Halske have successfully applied 
10,000 volts directly to the car motors. 
In the system of electric traction proposed by Mr. B. I. 
Arnold, each motor car is equipped with a single phase 
alternating current motor, of which both the armature and 
field are capable of revolving upon a common shaft either 
