82 G. H. HALLIGAN. 
order that stability may be given to the apparatus in a 
strong current, or where it is likely to be exposed to 
waves or other disturbing causes. The total cost of the 
machine now exhibited was twelve pounds, but if made in 
numbers this might, the author thinks, be reduced to ten 
pounds. 
THe SAND-DRIFT PROBLEM 1n NEW SOUTH WALES. 
By J. H. MAIDEN, F.L.S., 
Government Botanist and Director of the Botanic Gardens, 
Sydney. 
& 
[Read before the Royal Society of N. S. Wales, July 1, 1903. ] 
SYNOPSIS: Page 
I. The Coastal Problem. ; 
1. Newcastle ... ee veg nt vas wed ay a. 88 
2. Bondi 84 
3, The sand-drift problem a . forestry rather than an engineer 
ing question ... Ree = 
4. The three stages in the reclamation of a sand dune.. aw , 85 
a. Cutting off supply of sand from the ocean ee vie OR 
b. Fixing the sand by vegetation _... ws =) Bes 
c. Maintenance of vegetation... De: a hee ie 2) 
(1) Protection against fire £3 Nas san ra | 93 
(2) Fencing often necessary... e eles 
5. Plants recommended for coastal sand- dunes.. pe .. 94 
II. The Western Problem. 
1. Report of Western Lands Commission etc. ... xe soe 
2. Area of sand-drift country me ae ae me, ie et oe 
3. Classification of Western soils ... ; ADE P 2 200 
4. Geological origin of the moving sand.. rs a con, sO 
5. Causes of drifting sands.. Aas ee ak a one SIGE 
a. Droughts ae ae as “oe ssa aoe sd mepplliOE 
b. Overstocking ... By ie ahs Son on ang) EO 
c. Rabbit pest... Sag wb eh a ous wae (OD 
6. Prevailing winds.. re ets = “ oa > LOX 
7. Remedial measures : ce sah a ua 2 02 
a. Method of planting — sine OD 
b. The planting of experimental areas recommended... 103 
8. Plants recommended for Western sand-dunes J vein LODE 
