90 J. H. MAIDEN. - 
of the plants being, say two feet apart. The seeds of the 
permanent trees and of the ‘nurse’ are then sown between 
the clumps of Marram grass. The sowings should be pro- 
tected with branches of tea-tree or any other scrub cheaply 
obtainable, sea-weed, turf, etc., and the branches and other 
material should be pegged down, for it is of great import- 
ance that no disturbance of the surface should occur until 
the permanent growth or cover is established. Hach season 
another block is similarly treated under the protection of 
the previous sowlng, and thus an area of any required size 
is put under treatment. In France the plantation of sand- 
dunes has passed beyond the experimental stage and there 
is no reason why we cannot soon say the same in New 
South Wales. 
In the Landes, at the present day, the sowings are made 
from east to west in the area protected by the dune. Of 
course the sea (Bay of Biscay) is on the west. 
“Under the old system in France it was the other way, sowings 
were commenced immediately under the dune and proceeded west- 
wards. This necessitated the continual shifting of the wattle 
fence erected to the east of the sowing to protect it from easterly 
winds, whereas by sowing in the contrary direction one sowing 
protects the next from these winds, while the dune protects the 
whole sufficiently from the west, and the cost of this fence is saved 
in all but the eastern belt of each block. As soon as the first 
block is completed, a second is commenced to leeward, under the 
united shelter of it and the dune littorale. When this second 
block is in due time finished, a third is begun, and so on, the 
work of afforesting being steadily pushed forward until the entire 
area is reclaimed.”! 
At Bondi and on our coast dunes generally, the sea is on 
the east, and the winds to protect our plantations against 
-are strong westerlies, hence the plantings should take the 
1 C. B. Naughton, op. cit, 
