130 J. H. CARDEW. 
Lives saved during that period 
411°762 x 5°64 x 15 .. 34°835 
Proportion of adults over 20 years 53% by Coghlan 
99 99 99 60 99 4° 42h 99 
Effective lives... an . 48°67 
Therefore 34°835 x 0°486=16,930 persons saved in the full 
vigour of life. 
34,835 funerals at £7.. sek se . £243,845 
34,835 x 30=1,045, 050 ¢ cases of sickens pre- 
vented at £2 ... sk ade ... 2,090,100 
16,930 vigorous lives, industrial value £32 10s. 8,253,375 
Total saving in 15 years ... £10,587,320 
HKqual to £21 11s. 7d. per head of the present population 
or £304 per head of lives saved, against which the sum of 
£7,664,000 has been spent on water supply and sewerage, 
the result being equivalent to practically a ten years pur- 
chase of the works. 
Although the view here presented by Mr. Baldwin Latham 
of the monetary value of sanitary engineering works is a 
truly astounding one, it by no means overstates the case, 
but on the contrary overlooks many material benefits for 
which credit may fairly be taken: Firstly, there is the 
additional duration of life due to improved sanitary con- 
ditions which is general over the whole community, and 
is a separate benefit from that conferred by the reduced 
death rate, for in addition to the lives saved, the rest of 
the community have their lives lengthened: this increase 
of man’s allotted space has been very marvellous of late 
years, and it has been carefully recorded in older countries, 
but the author has been unable to ascertain the rise of 
longevity in this country during late years, and therefore 
reluctantly leaves it out of consideration, but in addition 
to the items valued by Mr. Baldwin Latham, the author 
adds the following :— 
