ECONOMIC EFFECT OF SANITARY WORKS. 135 
An inspection of Appendix “A’’ shews that the average 
cost per head, of the cases cited, for water supply and 
sewerage works is £10, of which amount the average pro- 
portion spent on water supply is £5 14s. 10d., and on 
sewerage £4 6s., so that any local authority can arrive at 
the approximate cost of such works by using those figures. 
As for example, take a town of 20,000 inhabitants, by 
20,000 x 9°05 
1,000 
£244,350 saved in ten years. By average cost in Appen- 
dix ‘“‘A’’ 20,000 x £10=£200,000 total outlay of which 
£104,000 is the proportionate expenditure required for 
water supply and £96,000 is the proportionate expenditure 
Baldwin Latham’s method x10 years x £135 
required for sewerage works. 
In conclusion I would draw attention to one aspect of 
mortality that unfortunately sanitary works does not 
appear to have ameliorated and that is infantile mortality. 
The British press has recently been drawing attention to 
the appalling loss of life amongst children of tender age; 
it is asserted that during the quarter including July, 
August, and September 1901 the number of children under 
the age of one year who died in the Scotland division of 
Liverpool was at the rate of 659 per thousand births; in 
the Hxchange Division of the same city the number of 
deaths was 630; in the Everton Division the number was 
436. In our own City of Sydney the number of deaths 
of infants in 1901 under one year of age was 127 per 
1,000 births, the lowest record being in one of the suburbs 
20 per 1,000, and the highest in one of the suburbs, viz. 
272 per 1,000. In Melbourne the mean infantile death 
rate under one year of age for the years 1873 to 1898 
inclusive was 158 per 1,000. 
One notable economic efiect due to sanitary services is 
the balancing of the losses in population due to the decrease 
