XXIV, HYDRAULIC ASPECT OF THE ARTESIAN PROBLEM. 
THE HYDRAULIC ASPHCT OF THH ARTHSIAN 
PROBLEM. 
By G. H. Knipss, F.R.A.S., University of Sydney. 
[Read before the Engineering Section of the Royal Society of N. S. Wales, 
July 22, 1908. ] 
SYNOPSIS :— 
Introduction.—Problem has four aspects (a) Geological, (6) 
Chemical, (c) Biological, (d) Hydraulic. Only last considered. 
I. Nature of the Problem; II. Its indetermination ; III. Its 
importance ; IV. Its scientific basis; V. Conclusion. 
Teale 
. Source of artesian waters. 
. Intake area. 
. Is the condition hydrostatic or hydraulic ? 
. The lines of flow. 
. The curve of pressure. 
. Complexity of probable actual condition. 
. Thermal and other conditions. 
. Fluctuations of pressure ; theoretical considerations. 
. Investigation of fluctuation of flow. 
. Real form of the actual problem. 
. How and when investigation should be made. 
. Necessity for legislative control of frequency of bores. 
. The future of artesian exploitation. 
Practical aim to exploit artesian supply. 
. Hydrokinetic foundations of the problem. 
. Its general indetermination. 
. Unknown factors therein. 
. Complication by existing facts. 
. Importance of the problem generally. 
. Danger of passing to the subartesian condition. 
. Economic effect thereof. 
. Necessity for scientific investigation. | 
. Steady and turbulent flow. | 
. Flow in capillaries. 
. Conditions of flow in sand and rock. 
. Experimental investigation, 
Theoretical investigation. 
