AUSTRALIAN DIVISIONAL SYSTEMS. 77 



at Wentworth, a Kilpara man must always marry a Mookwara 

 woman, and a Mookwara man a Kilpara woman. 1 Speaking of 

 the same people in 1875, the Rev. R. W. Holden 2 reports the 

 same divisional names and rules of marriage as those given by 

 Mr. Fison, but neither of these gentlemen mentioned the divisional 

 names of the offspring. In 1878, Mr. R. B. Smyth, in referring 

 to these divisions says, on the authority of Mr. J. Bulmer, that 

 the children take their caste from their mother. 3 For example, 

 if the mother be Mookwara the children will be Mookwara ; if the 

 mother be Kilpara, the children will also belong to that division. 

 This appears to be the first report showing the line of descent in 

 the tribe referred to. 



In May 1883, Mr. F. Bonney, who resided fifteen years near the 

 Darling, mentions the divisions Muckwarra and Kilparra as 

 obtaining on the Darling River above and below Wilcannia. He 

 also mentions their prevalence among the natives of the Barrier 

 Ranges, which includes Silverton and adjacent stations. 4 



In 1884-85 I was surveying in the Silverton and Broken Hill 

 district, and made a tour from there to Tibooburra, and thence to 

 the Darling via the Paroo river. Among the tribes throughout 

 that immense tract of country I found the two divisions, Muck- 

 warra and Keelparra, with groups of totems attached to each. 



In 1885, Mr. A. L. P. Cameron, who lived some years between 

 the Darling and the Lachlan Rivers reported that these two 

 divisional names extended up the Darling from Wentworth at 

 least as far as Menindie. He was also the first to observe that 

 Mukwarra was equivalent to the pair of sections Murri and Kubbi 

 of the Kamilaroi, and that Kilparra was the equivalent of the 

 Ippai and Kumbo sections. 5 



In 1883, Mr. E. Palmer described the divisions of what he 

 called the Kombinegherry tribe on the Bellinger River, 6 consist- 



1 Trans. Eoy. Soc. Victoria, x., 161. 



2 Folklore, Manners, &c. of S. A. Aborigines, p. 17. 



3 Aborigines of Victoria, i., 86. 



4 Journ. Anthrop. Inst., xiii., 129. 5 Ibid., xiv., 351. 6 Ibid., xiii., 304. 



