150 W. H. WARREN AND S. H. BARRACLOUGH. 



SOME PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF NICKEL STEEL. 



By W. H. Warren, Wh. Sc, m. inst. C.E., m. Am. Soc. c.e. Challis 

 Professor of Engineering, and S. H. Barraclough, m.m.e., 

 Assoc. m. inst. c.e. , Lecturer in Engineering, University of 

 Sydney. 



[Read before the Royal Society of N. S. Wales, August 3, 1898.'] 



1. Introductory. — Nickel steel has hitherto been chiefly used in 

 the manufacture of armour plates, and, to a lesser extent, in 

 forgings for certain important parts of machinery • but as the 

 material becomes better known it is probable that its use will be 

 very greatly extended. The increased cost of the steel caused by 

 the addition of the nickel has been stated 1 to be about £3 per ton 

 per unit of nickel, so that 3% would mean an addition to the cost 

 of £9 per ton. If the demand for the material became greater, it 

 would no doubt be produced at a much smaller cost, as was the 

 case when mild steel superseded wrought iron for purposes of con- 

 struction. The use of nickel in long span bridges would allow of 

 a larger increase in the safe working stress and a consequent 

 reduction in the dead weight which would be an off-set to the 

 increased cost in such cases. 



It appears that attention was first directed to the valuable 

 properties of nickel steel by Mr. Riley of the Steel Company of 

 Scotland in 1889, and in 1894 a length of shafting of nickel steel 

 was constructed for the American liner Paris. 



In June 1895 the Pennsylvania Steel Company made a heat of 

 about four tons of open hearth nickel steel for the purpose of 

 investigating its physical qualities when rolled into plates and 

 bars. The results obtained in their experiments were lower than 

 those from nickel steel produced in the ordinary way, in conse- 

 quence of the small ingots obtained from the heat not allowing 

 for a sufficient reduction in rolling. 



A Engineering, Vol. lxiii., p. 589. 



